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Algebra Level 3

Solve the equation: x + 4 x + 16 x + + 4 2019 x + 3 x = 1 \sqrt{x+\sqrt{4x+\sqrt{16x+\sqrt{\dots+\sqrt{4^{2019}x+3}}}}}-\sqrt{x}=1

1 2 4036 \frac{1}{2^{4036}} 1 2 4039 \frac{1}{2^{4039}} 1 2 2019 \frac{1}{2^{2019}} 1 2 4038 \frac{1}{2^{4038}} 1 2 2018 \frac{1}{2^{2018}}

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1 solution

Amal Hari
Mar 23, 2019

x + 4 x + 16 x + . . . + 4 2019 x + 3 = 1 + x \sqrt{x+\sqrt{4x+\sqrt{16x+\sqrt{...+\sqrt{4^{2019} x+3}}}}}=1+\sqrt{x}

First Square both sides

x + 4 x + 16 x + . . . + 4 2019 x + 3 = 1 + 2 x + x x+{\sqrt{4x+\sqrt{16x+\sqrt{...+\sqrt{4^{2019} x+3}}}}}=1+2\sqrt{x}+x

4 x + . . . + 4 2019 x + 3 = 1 + 2 x {\sqrt{4x+\sqrt{...+\sqrt{4^{2019} x+3}}}}=1+2\sqrt{x}

Now Square both sides again

4 x + 16 x + . . . + 4 2019 x + 3 = 1 + 4 x + 4 x 4x+\sqrt{16x+\sqrt{...+\sqrt{4^{2019} x+3}}}=1+4\sqrt{x}+4x

16 x + . . . + 4 2019 x + 3 = 1 + 4 x \sqrt{16x+\sqrt{...+\sqrt{4^{2019} x+3}}}=1+4\sqrt{x}

We can see a pattern here, so generalizing it as

1 + 2 n x = 4 n x + . . . + 4 2019 x + 3 1+2^{n}\sqrt{x}=\sqrt{4^{n} x+\sqrt{...+\sqrt{4^{2019} x+3}}}

Therefore

1 + 2 2019 x = 4 2019 x + 3 1+2^{2019} \sqrt{x} =\sqrt{4^{2019} x+3}

square both sides,

1 + 2 × 2 2019 x + ( 2 2019 ) 2 x = 4 2019 x + 3 1+2\times2^{2019}\sqrt{x }+\bigg(2^{2019}\bigg)^{2} x =4^{2019}x +3

1 + 2 2020 x + 2 4038 x = 4 2019 x + 3 1+2^{2020}\sqrt{x} +2^{4038} x =4^{2019}x +3

But, 4 2019 = 2 4038 4^{2019}=2^{4038}

1 + 2 2020 x = 3 1+2^{2020}\sqrt{x} =3

2 2020 x = 2 2^{2020}\sqrt{x} =2

x = 2 2 2020 \sqrt{x } =\dfrac{2}{2^{2020}}

x = 1 2 2019 \sqrt{x} =\dfrac{1}{2^{2019}}

x = 1 2 4038 x =\dfrac{1}{2^{4038}}

Nice solution. Thank you.

Hana Wehbi - 2 years, 2 months ago

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