Quivering thought

Algebra Level 3

Let z z be a complex number such that the imaginary part of z z is non zero and let a = z 2 + z + 1 a=z^2+z+1 .

Which of the following values can not be a possible value of a a ?

2 3 \dfrac {2}{3} 1 -1 None of these 3 4 \dfrac {3}{4} 1 3 \dfrac {1}{3} 1 2 \dfrac {1}{2}

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2 solutions

Mehul Arora
Jul 1, 2015

Given Equation z 2 + z + ( 1 a ) = 0 z^2+z+(1-a)=0

Clearly, This equation will not have Real Roots if D<0 1 4 ( 1 a ) < 0 1-4(1-a)<0

4 a < 3 4a<3

a < 3 4 a < \dfrac {3}{4}

Therefore, a has to be lesser than 3 4 \dfrac {3}{4}

Hence, a a cannot take the value 3 4 \dfrac {3}{4}

Let z = x + i y \displaystyle z = x + iy be the complex number.

Now, a can be written as:
a = x 2 + x + 2 i x y + i y y 2 + 1 \displaystyle a = x^{2} + x + 2ixy +iy -y^{2} + 1

For a to have real values, the imaginary part of a must be zero i.e. :

2 i x y + i y = 0 \displaystyle 2ixy + iy = 0

= > i y ( 2 x + 1 ) = 0 => iy(2x +1) = 0 but

i ! = 0 i !=0 and y ! = 0 y !=0 because z has non-zero imaginary part, therefore, 2 x + 1 = 0 2x+1 = 0 or x = 1 2 \displaystyle x = -\frac{1}{2}

Plugging this value in a gives: a r e a l = 1 4 1 2 y 2 + 1 \displaystyle a_{real} = \frac{1}{4} - \frac{1}{2} - y^{2} + 1 or a r e a l = 3 4 y 2 \displaystyle a_{real} = \frac{3}{4} - y^2 Given that z z has non zero imaginary part meaning that y y is never zero. So the value at y = 0 y=0 is not possible for a. Hence, answer is 3 4 \boxed{\frac{3}{4}} .

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