Too Complex!

Algebra Level 5

Consider the complex numbers z 1 = 10 + 6 i , z 2 = 4 + 6 i z_1 = 10+6i, z_2 = 4 + 6i such that there exist a complex number z z that satisfy the condition arg ( z z 1 z z 2 ) = π 4 \displaystyle \text{arg} \left( \frac{z-z_1}{z-z_2} \right) = \frac \pi4 . Find the value of z 7 9 i |z-7-9i| .


The answer is 4.242.

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4 solutions

Let z = a + b i z=a+bi , so replace all the values: π 4 = arg ( a + b i ( 10 + 6 i ) a + b i ( 4 + 6 i ) ) \dfrac{\pi}{4}=\arg\left(\dfrac{a+bi-(10+6i)}{a+bi-(4+6i)}\right) Now, order the real part and the imaginary part: π 4 = arg ( ( a 10 ) + i ( b 6 ) ( a 4 ) + i ( b 6 ) ) \dfrac{\pi}{4}=\arg\left(\dfrac{(a-10)+i(b-6)}{(a-4)+i(b-6)}\right) And rationalize: π 4 = arg ( ( a 10 ) ( a 4 ) + ( b 6 ) 2 + i ( ( a 4 ) ( b 6 ) ( a 10 ) ( b 6 ) ) ( a 4 ) 2 + ( b 6 ) 2 ) \dfrac{\pi}{4}=\arg\left(\dfrac{(a-10)(a-4)+(b-6)^{2}+i((a-4)(b-6)-(a-10)(b-6))}{(a-4)^{2}+(b-6)^{2}}\right) The argument of a complex number z = a + b i z=a+bi is: arg ( z ) = arctan b a \arg(z)=\arctan\frac{b}{a} , so: π 4 = arctan ( a 4 ) ( b 6 ) ( a 10 ) ( b 6 ) ( a 10 ) ( a 4 ) + ( b 6 ) 2 \dfrac{\pi}{4}=\arctan\dfrac{(a-4)(b-6)-(a-10)(b-6)}{(a-10)(a-4)+(b-6)^{2}} 1 = ( a 4 ) ( b 6 ) ( a 10 ) ( b 6 ) ( a 10 ) ( a 4 ) + ( b 6 ) 2 1=\dfrac{(a-4)(b-6)-(a-10)(b-6)}{(a-10)(a-4)+(b-6)^{2}} ( a 10 ) ( a 4 ) + ( b 6 ) 2 = ( a 4 ) ( b 6 ) ( a 10 ) ( b 6 ) (a-10)(a-4)+(b-6)^{2}=(a-4)(b-6)-(a-10)(b-6) Now, try to obtain a 2 + b 2 a^{2}+b^{2} from that expression. The result is: a 2 + b 2 = 14 a + 18 b 112 a^{2}+b^{2}=14a+18b-112 As we can see, that value is the square of the absolute value of z z , but that still depends of some variables. However, the value we're looking for is z 7 9 i |z-7-9i| , so let m m be that value and have the form m = c + d i m=c+di . Comparing the real parts and the imaginary parts we obtain: c = a 7 a = c + 7 c=a-7 \leftrightarrow a=c+7 d = b 9 b = d + 9 d=b-9 \leftrightarrow b=d+9 Substitute: ( c + 7 ) 2 + ( d + 9 ) 2 = 14 ( c + 7 ) + 18 ( d + 9 ) 112 (c+7)^{2}+(d+9)^{2}=14(c+7)+18(d+9)-112 And again try to obtain c 2 + d 2 c^{2}+d^{2} , which is the square of the absolute value of m m . The result is: c 2 + d 2 = 18 c^{2}+d^{2}=18 Here, we do have the square of our desired value in numerical value, take square root to both sides to obtain the absolute value of m m : c 2 + d 2 = 3 2 4.2426 \sqrt{c^{2}+d^{2}}=\boxed{3\sqrt{2}}\approx\boxed{4.2426}

I know a method which will blow you away. The expression given in the question actually represents a circle and z 1 z_{1} and z 2 z_{2} are the end points of a chord that subtend an angle of π 4 \frac{\pi}{4} at the circumference. It turns out that (7 + 9i) is the centre of the circle. So all one has to do is find the radius of the circle

Avineil Jain - 7 years, 1 month ago

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Yes , same method! In such problems we must try to have geometry instead of algebra.

Nihar Mahajan - 5 years, 7 months ago

note that 10-4=6. Since z1 and z2 have the same imaginary component, we just need b=12 and we can take a=10 so we have arg ( 6 i 6 + 6 i ) = π 4 \arg \left( \dfrac{6i}{6+6i}\right)=\frac{\pi}{4}

Trevor Arashiro - 5 years, 5 months ago

Another shorter method can be by assuming z , z 1 , z 2 z,z_{1},z_{2} form a right isosceles triangle with equal sides of length 6 units thus z = 10 + 12 i z=10+12i

And 10 + 12 i 7 9 i = 3 3 i = 3 2 |10+12i-7-9i|=|3-3i|=3 \sqrt{2}

Tanishq Varshney - 5 years, 6 months ago

I did same...

Dev Sharma - 5 years, 5 months ago

arg [(z-z1)/(z-z2)]= pi/4 means if z,z1,z2 forms a triangle , angle between z-z1 and z-z2 is pi/4 and it is asked to find value of |z-7-9i| let it be constant k i.e; |z-7-9i|=k is a circle with centre (7,9) and k radius and we can observe (7,9) is equidistant to z1 , z2 we know angle formed by a chord in a circle is constant it means z1 z2 are on circle and radius is answer i.e; 3*sqrt(2)

The locus of z z is major arc of circle containing points ( 4 , 6 i ) , ( 10 , 6 i ) (4,6i),(10,6i) on its periphery.

The angle that the chord joining these points subtend an angle of π / 2 \pi/2 at its centre C C .

Now drop a perpendicular from C C to the chord joining z 1 z_1 and z 2 z_2 . Let the coordinates of C C is ( h , k i h,ki . Since chord is parallel to real axis, we find

h = 7 h=7

Now by using C z 1 = C z 2 |C-z_1|= |C-z_2|

We get k = 9 k=9 .

Hence radius of circle R = 3 2 R= 3\sqrt{2}

Since z z lies on circle , answer is z C = R = 3 2 |z-C|= R= \boxed{3\sqrt{2}}

Righved K
Nov 11, 2015

We can do it all these problem by creating a geometrical analogy( for example here a circle) ...and hey I am unable to post any image of my solution please help me!!

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