Too Many Logs

Calculus Level 3

Find the slope of the normal line to f ( x ) f(x) at x = 3. x=3. f ( x ) = log 3 ( ( x + 1 x 1 ) ln 3 ) f(x)=\log_3\left(\left(\dfrac{x+1}{x-1}\right)^{\ln3}\right)


The answer is 4.

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1 solution

Trevor B.
Feb 10, 2014

If you take the derivative of f ( x ) f(x) directly, then it could get pretty ugly. Let's simplify it first using the properties of logarithms.

log 3 ( ( x + 1 x 1 ) ln 3 ) = ln 3 × log 3 ( x + 1 ) ln 3 × log 3 ( x 1 ) = ln 3 ( ln ( x + 1 ) ln 3 ln ( x 1 ) ln 3 ) = ln ( x + 1 ) ln ( x 1 ) \log_3\left(\left(\dfrac{x+1}{x-1}\right)^{\ln3}\right)=\ln3\times\log_3(x+1)-\ln3\times\log_3(x-1)\\=\ln3\left(\dfrac{\ln(x+1)}{\ln3}-\dfrac{\ln(x-1)}{\ln3}\right)=\ln(x+1)-\ln(x-1)

So f ( x ) = ln ( x + 1 ) ln ( x 1 ) . f(x)=\ln(x+1)-\ln(x-1). Therefore, f ( x ) = 1 x + 1 1 x 1 = 2 x 2 1 . f'(x)=\frac{1}{x+1}-\frac{1}{x-1}=-\frac{2}{x^2-1}. But this is the formula for the slope of the tangent \textit{tangent} line, we want the slope of the normal \textit{normal} line. This is equal to x 2 1 2 . \frac{x^2-1}{2}. Plugging in x = 3 , x=3, the normal line to f ( x ) f(x) at the point ( 3 , ln 2 ) (3,\ln2) is 8 2 = 4 \frac{8}{2}=\boxed{4}

Oops, thought the problem said slope of tangent line :(.

Sam Thompson - 7 years, 4 months ago

Trevor what is with the lack of original content?

Ryan Broder - 7 years, 4 months ago

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You're just like Adam; notice, normal \textit{normal} line.

Trevor B. - 7 years, 4 months ago

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