Too many pairs

Let's consider all the pairs of natural numbers ( x x ; y y ) such that 1 x 100 1\leq x\leq100 , 1 y 100 1\leq y\leq100 and x y x\neq y . Call S S the sum of all the products x y x*y . Which are the last 4 digits of S S ?


The answer is 4150.

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2 solutions

As we are excluding the pairs where x = y x = y , the sum of all products will be

j = 1 100 k = 1 100 j k i = 1 100 i 2 = \displaystyle\sum_{j=1}^{100} \sum_{k=1}^{100} j*k - \sum_{i=1}^{100} i^{2} =

( j = 1 100 j ) ( k = 1 100 k ) 100 ( 100 + 1 ) ( 200 + 1 ) 6 = \displaystyle(\sum_{j=1}^{100} j)(\sum_{k=1}^{100} k) - \frac{100*(100 + 1)*(200 + 1)}{6} =

( 100 101 2 ) 2 338350 = 505 0 2 338350 = 25164150 (\frac{100*101}{2})^{2} - 338350 = 5050^{2} - 338350 = 25164150 ,

the last 4 4 digits of which are 4150 \boxed{4150} .

Drop TheProblem
Dec 27, 2014

The value of the problem can be seen as shown:

( 1 + 2 + 3 + . . . . . . + 98 + 99 + 100 ) ( 1 + 2 + 3 + . . . . . . + 98 + 99 + 100 ) (1+2+3+......+98+99+100)*(1+2+3+......+98+99+100)

Applying the distributive property we make all the possible pairs ( x ; y ) (x;y) including the cases where x = y x=y .

It's necessary to subtract numbers in the form x 2 x^2

For N = 100 N=100 \Rightarrow N ( N + 1 ) 2 N ( N + 1 ) 2 N ( N + 1 ) ( 2 N + 1 ) 6 = 25164150 \frac {N*(N+1)}{2}*\frac {N*(N+1)}{2}-\frac {N*(N+1)*(2N+1)}{6}=25164150

S = 4150 S=\boxed{4150}

Wil the final result be divided by 2 ? As 2ab = (a+b) ^2 - ( a^2+b ^2) =( n(n+1))^2 - n(n+1)(2n+1)/6 for n=100. Thanks.

Prabir Chaudhuri - 6 years, 5 months ago

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