Let's consider all the pairs of natural numbers ( x ; y ) such that 1 ≤ x ≤ 1 0 0 , 1 ≤ y ≤ 1 0 0 and x = y . Call S the sum of all the products x ∗ y . Which are the last 4 digits of S ?
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The value of the problem can be seen as shown:
( 1 + 2 + 3 + . . . . . . + 9 8 + 9 9 + 1 0 0 ) ∗ ( 1 + 2 + 3 + . . . . . . + 9 8 + 9 9 + 1 0 0 )
Applying the distributive property we make all the possible pairs ( x ; y ) including the cases where x = y .
It's necessary to subtract numbers in the form x 2
For N = 1 0 0 ⇒ 2 N ∗ ( N + 1 ) ∗ 2 N ∗ ( N + 1 ) − 6 N ∗ ( N + 1 ) ∗ ( 2 N + 1 ) = 2 5 1 6 4 1 5 0
S = 4 1 5 0
Wil the final result be divided by 2 ? As 2ab = (a+b) ^2 - ( a^2+b ^2) =( n(n+1))^2 - n(n+1)(2n+1)/6 for n=100. Thanks.
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As we are excluding the pairs where x = y , the sum of all products will be
j = 1 ∑ 1 0 0 k = 1 ∑ 1 0 0 j ∗ k − i = 1 ∑ 1 0 0 i 2 =
( j = 1 ∑ 1 0 0 j ) ( k = 1 ∑ 1 0 0 k ) − 6 1 0 0 ∗ ( 1 0 0 + 1 ) ∗ ( 2 0 0 + 1 ) =
( 2 1 0 0 ∗ 1 0 1 ) 2 − 3 3 8 3 5 0 = 5 0 5 0 2 − 3 3 8 3 5 0 = 2 5 1 6 4 1 5 0 ,
the last 4 digits of which are 4 1 5 0 .