k = 1 ∑ ∞ ⎝ ⎛ 2 n = 1 ∑ ∞ n 2 + k n 1 ⎠ ⎞ 2 = B A π C
The equation above holds true for positive integers A , B and C with A , B coprime. Find A + B + C .
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How did you evaluate the zeta function at the end?
can you explain the last step?
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You need to check out information about multiple zeta functions, Euler sums and Tornheim sums. That said, some of this step is quite easy. For example, 2 ζ ( 2 , 2 ) + ζ ( 4 ) = ζ ( 2 ) 2 Which gives ζ ( 2 , 2 ) = 1 2 0 1 π 4
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Since n = 1 ∑ ∞ n 2 + k n 1 = k 1 n = 1 ∑ ∞ ( n 1 − n + k 1 ) = k H k we need to evaluate 4 k = 1 ∑ ∞ k 2 H k 2 . Now k = 1 ∑ ∞ k 2 H k 2 = = = = = k = 1 ∑ ∞ k 2 1 ( H k − 1 + k − 1 ) 2 k = 1 ∑ ∞ ( k + 1 ) 2 H k 2 + 2 k = 1 ∑ ∞ ( k + 1 ) 3 H k + k = 1 ∑ ∞ k 4 1 a > b , c ∑ a 2 b c 1 + 2 a > b ∑ a 3 b 1 + ζ ( 4 ) 2 a > b > c ∑ a 2 b c 1 + a > b ∑ a 2 b 2 1 + 2 a > b ∑ a 3 b 1 + ζ ( 4 ) 2 ζ ( 2 , 1 , 1 ) + ζ ( 2 , 2 ) + 2 ζ ( 3 , 1 ) + ζ ( 4 ) = 3 6 0 1 7 π 4 , and so the sum is equal to 9 0 1 7 π 4 , making the answer 1 7 + 9 0 + 4 = 1 1 1 .