Three identical conducting spheres are located at the vertices of an equilateral triangle ABC. Initially the charge the charge of the sphere at point A is
and the spheres at B and C carry the same charge
It is known that the sphere B exerts an electrostatic force on C which has a magnitude
Suppose an engineer connects a very thin conducting wire between spheres A and B. Then she removes the wire and connects it between spheres A and C. After these operations, what is the magnitude of the force of interaction
in Newtons
between B and C?
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From Coulomb's Law we have that, initially, the force between spheres B and C is given by F B C = k l 2 q 2 where l is the side of the triangle. Right after spheres A and B are connected, charge flows from B to A. Electrostatic equilibrium is reached when the electric potentials at points A and B are equal, which implies q A = q B . Moreover, due to conservation of electric charge, we have that q A = q B = 2 q . Now the net charge of system AC is 2 3 q . When A and C are connected their charges redistribute so that after equilibrium q A = q C = 4 3 q . Therefore, the final force between B and C can be written as F B C ′ = k l 2 ( q / 2 ) ( 3 q / 4 ) = 8 3 F B C . Thus, we find that F B C ′ = 1 . 5 N .