Transverse Wave

A string has linear density 865 g / m 865\ \rm g/m and is under tension 50 N 50\ \rm N . We send a sinusoidal wave with frequency 80 H z 80\ \rm Hz and amplitude 8.5 m m 8.5\ \rm mm along the string. At what average rate does the wave transport energy (to the nearest integer)?


The answer is 60.

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1 solution

Chew-Seong Cheong
Oct 26, 2020

The power transported by a string under tension is given by:

E λ = 1 2 μ ω 2 A 2 v E_\lambda = \frac 12 \mu \omega^2 A^2 v

where μ \mu is the linear density of the string, and ω \omega , A A , and v v are angular frequency, amplitude, and propagating velocity of the wave. Then we have:

E λ = 1 2 ( 0.865 ) ω 2 ( 8.5 × 1 0 3 ) 2 v Note that ω = 2 π f , where f is the wave frequency. = 1 2 ( 0.865 ) ( 2 π 80 ) 2 ( 0.0085 ) 2 50 0.865 and v = F T μ , where F T is the string tension. 60 \begin{aligned} E_\lambda & = \frac 12 (0.865) \blue{\omega}^2 \left(8.5 \times 10^{-3}\right)^2 \red v & \small \blue {\text{Note that }\omega = 2 \pi f \text{, where }f \text{ is the wave frequency.}} \\ & = \frac 12 (0.865) \blue{(2\pi \cdot 80)}^2 \left(0.0085\right)^2 \red{\sqrt{\frac {50}{0.865}}} & \small \red{\text{and } v = \sqrt{\frac {F_T}\mu} \text{, where }F_T\text{ is the string tension.}} \\ & \approx \boxed{60} \end{aligned}

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