Point
G
(
1
,
2
,
3
)
is a centroid of a triangle. Vertices of a triangle are on the axes of the coordinate system.
Find area of the triangle.
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First time I've ever heard of "de Gua's theorem" But, being that it's an 3D extension of Pythagorean's theorem, I think it's easier to understand if written in this way
( 2 1 3 ⋅ 6 ) 2 + ( 2 1 6 ⋅ 9 ) 2 + ( 2 1 9 ⋅ 3 ) 2 = 2 6 3 = 3 1 . 5
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You are right. I copied it to my solution. You learn something new on Brilliant everyday.
Oh, I used Heron's formula, once I knew about the coordinates. De Gua looks a lot simpler !
how we know that a = 3* 1=3 b= 2* 3 = 6 c=3 * 3= 9
I'll use some knowledge about vector.
First, centroid can be found by calculating the average of vertice's coordinate. So, the coordinate of the three vertice are ( 3 , 0 , 0 ) , ( 0 , 6 , 0 ) , ( 0 , 0 , 9 )
Then, let's go through vector!, the two vectors that compose two sides of the triangle are u = ( − 3 , 6 , 0 ) and v ( − 3 , 0 , 9 )
Hence, the area of the triangle is 2 1 ∣ u × v ∣ = 2 9 ∣ ∣ ∣ 6 i ^ + 3 j ^ + 2 k ^ ∣ ∣ ∣
= 2 9 × 4 9 = 2 6 3 = 3 1 . 5
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Let A ( a , 0 , 0 ) , B ( 0 , b , 0 ) , C ( 0 , 0 , c ) denote vertices of the triangle. The centroid divides each median into parts in the ratio 2:1, with the centroid being twice as close to the midpoint of a side as it is to the opposite vertex. That same ratio holds for the projection of the median onto an axis on which the median vertex lies. Therefore:
a = 3 × 1 = 3 , b = 2 × 3 = 6 , c = 3 × 3 = 9 .
By de Gua's theorem
△ A B C = ( 2 1 3 ⋅ 6 ) 2 + ( 2 1 6 ⋅ 9 ) 2 + ( 2 1 9 ⋅ 3 ) 2 = 2 6 3 = 3 1 . 5