Points F and E are chosen on the unit square A B C D such that the three incircles are congruent. Find a closed-form expression of their radius, r , and submit ⌊ 1 0 6 r ⌋ .
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My friend, x ≈ 0 . 5 7 6 3 4 4 6 6 8 5 8 3 9 2 4 , ⟹ r = 2 + 2 0 . 5 7 6 3 4 4 6 6 8 5 8 3 9 2 4 ≈ 0 . 1 6 8 8 0 7 4 4 5 1 2 7 5 1 8 .
I don't think @Fletcher Mattox would make such a mistake.
@Niranjan Khanderia , x ≈ 0 . 5 7 6 3 4 4 6 6 8 5 8 3 9 2 4 , ⟹ r = 2 + 2 0 . 5 7 6 3 4 4 6 6 8 5 8 3 9 2 4 ≈ 0 . 1 6 8 8 0 7 4 4 5 1 2 7 5 1 8 .
I don't think @Fletcher Mattox would make such a mistake.
Let D F = a = B E ∵ △ D F A ≅ △ B E A ⇒ F C = 1 − a = C E a r ( △ D F A ) = 2 a = a r ( △ E B A ) From Pythagoras Theorem : A F = 1 + a 2 = A E From the relation : r s = △ where △ = a r e a o f t r i a n g l e , s = s e m i − p e r i m e t e r , r = i n r a d i u s
We get that inradius of △ D F A = 1 + a + 1 + a 2 a = inradius of △ E B A
Similarly we can find that inradius of △ C F E = 2 + 2 1 − a . . . . . . . . . . [ 1 ] ⇒ 1 + a + 1 + a 2 a = 2 + 2 1 − a The root of the above equation can be approximated using Newton's method starting from a 0 = 2 1
Applying it twice a ≈ 0 . 4 2 3 6 5 4 1 6 8 5 0 8 . . .
From [ 1 ] r ≈ 0 . 1 6 8 8 0 7 7 8 5 7 3 5 . . . ⇒ r × 1 0 6 = 1 6 8 8 0 7 . 7 8 5 7 3 5 ⇒ ⌊ r × 1 0 6 ⌋ = 1 6 8 8 0 7
To be precise, r = 7 4 − 1 4 2 1 ( 3 + 5 3 − 2 0 2 ) .
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But at last you have to approximate it till 6 digits ...
Well how you find it accurately? @Pi Han Goh
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⇒ 1 + a + 1 + a 2 a = 2 + 2 1 − a
Solve this equation by repeated squaring and obtain that a is a root to the least degree polynomial 7 a 4 − 2 a 3 − 9 a 2 + 6 a − 1 = 0 .
Did it similar to Sew Seon-Cheong, found a slightly simpler expression for r: r = 1 2 + 4 2 6 + 2 − 1 4 + 4 2
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Let the center of the bottom circle and the top-right circles be O and P respectively, O N be perpendicular to A B and P M be perpendicular to E F . Due to symmetry, △ A D F and △ A B E are congruent, and △ C E F is an isosceles right triangle.
Let ∠ E A B = θ . Note that A O bisects ∠ E A B . Using half-angle tangent substitution , we have:
A N + N B r cot 2 θ + r t r + r t 1 + t ⋅ r = A B = 1 = 1 = 1 Let t = tan 2 θ . . . ( 1 )
Also note that:
2 ⋅ C M 2 ( 1 + 2 ) r ( 2 + 2 ) r = C E = 1 − tan θ = 1 − 1 − t 2 2 t = 1 − t 2 1 − 2 t − t 2 . . . ( 2 )
From ( 2 ) ( 1 ) :
( 2 + 2 ) t 1 + t ( 2 + 2 ) t 1 ( 1 + 2 ) t 2 − ( 4 + 2 ) t + 1 ⟹ t = 1 − 2 t − t 2 1 − t 2 = 1 − 2 t − t 2 1 − t = 0 = 2 + 2 2 4 + 2 − 1 4 + 4 2 For θ < 9 0 ∘
Therefore r = 1 + t t = 6 + 3 2 − 1 4 + 4 2 4 + 2 − 1 4 + 4 2 ≈ 0 . 1 6 8 8 0 7 4 4 5 1 2 8 , ⟹ ⌊ 1 0 6 r ⌋ = 1 6 8 8 0 7 .