( x 2 + 3 x + 7 ) ( x 2 + 5 x + 2 ) = 0 If α , β , γ , and δ are the roots of equation above, then find ( α 2 + 1 ) ( β 2 + 1 ) ( γ 2 + 1 ) ( δ 2 + 1 ) .
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Alternate approach:
Put x=i and then x=-i and then multiply the equations.
⟹ x 2 + 3 x + 7 = 0
Using Vieta's formula .
• α + β = − 3
• α β = 7
⟹ x 2 + 5 x + 2 = 0
Again, Using Vieta's formula .
• γ + δ = − 5
• γ δ = 2
We have to find:
⟹ ( α 2 + 1 ) ( β 2 + 1 ) ( γ 2 + 1 ) ( δ 2 + 1 )
= [ ( α β ) 2 + α 2 + β 2 + 1 ] [ ( γ δ ) 2 + γ 2 + δ 2 + 1 ]
= [ ( α β ) 2 + ( α + β ) 2 − 2 α β + 1 ] [ ( γ δ ) 2 + ( γ + δ ) 2 − 2 γ δ + 1 ]
= [ ( 7 ) 2 + ( − 3 ) 2 − 2 ( 7 ) + 1 ] [ ( 2 ) 2 + ( − 5 ) 2 − 2 ( 2 ) + 1 ]
⟹ 4 5 × 2 6 = 1 1 7 0 .
There is one more elegant solution. Write the equation in the form (x-a)(x-b)(x-c)(x-d).where a, b, c, d, are the roots of the equation. put x= I (root of -1) and x=-I (-×root of -1). Multiply the two results together to get , (a2-1)(b2-1)(c2-1)(d2-1).this implies putting x=I and -I in our original equation will give our desired result .
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Let the equation x 2 + 3 x + 7 = 0 has roots α , β & the equation x 2 + 5 x + 2 = 0 has roots γ , δ
A substitution x = y − 1 transforms the equation x 2 + 3 x + 7 = 0 to y 2 + 3 y + 4 5 = 0 with roots α 2 + 1 , β 2 + 1 and by Vieta's we know , ( α 2 + 1 ) ( β 2 + 1 ) = 4 5
Similarly the same substitution makes the second equation y 2 − 2 3 y + 2 6 = 0 with roots γ 2 + 1 , δ 2 + 1 and the product is 2 6
Thus ( α 2 + 1 ) ( β 2 + 1 ) ( γ 2 + 1 ) ( δ 2 + 1 ) = 2 6 × 4 5 = 1 1 7 0