Trigonometric Sequence

Geometry Level 4

If cos ( a ) \cos(a) , cos ( 2 a ) \cos(2a) , and cos ( 3 a ) \cos(3a) are in an arithmetic progression, determine the sum of all possible values of a a , in degrees for 0 < a < 36 0 0^\circ<a<360^\circ .


The answer is 720.

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2 solutions

Yashas Ravi
Jun 20, 2019

By expanding cos ( 2 a ) \cos(2a) and cos ( 3 a ) \cos(3a) into 2 cos ( a ) 2 1 2\cos(a)^2-1 and 4 cos ( a ) 3 3 cos ( a ) 4\cos(a)^3-3\cos(a) , and using the fact that cos ( a ) + cos ( 3 a ) = 2 cos ( 2 a ) \cos(a)+\cos(3a)=2\cos(2a) since the three terms are in an arithmetic progression, the equation can be solved for a a . Substitution and simplification leads to 4 cos ( a ) 3 4 cos ( a ) 2 2 cos ( a ) + 2 = 0 4\cos(a)^3-4\cos(a)^2-2\cos(a)+2=0 , which can be factored into ( 4 cos ( a ) 2 2 ) ( cos ( a ) 1 ) = 0 (4\cos(a)^2-2)(\cos(a)-1)=0 . This means that cos ( a ) 2 = 0.5 \cos(a)^2=0.5 and cos ( a ) = 1 \cos(a)=1 . When cos ( a ) = 1 \cos(a)=1 , a = 0 ° a=0° and a = 360 ° a=360° which are excluded from the domain 0 ° < a < 360 ° 0°<a<360° . When cos ( a ) 2 = 0.5 \cos(a)^2=0.5 , then a = 45 ° , 135 ° , 225 ° a=45°, 135°, 225° , and 315 ° 315° . Summing these values leads to a final answer of 720 ° 720° .

Himanshu Sharma
Jun 21, 2019

given cos(a), cos(2a), cos(3a) are in AP then 2cos(2a)=cos(a) +cos(3a) which gives cos(2a) = cos(2a)*cos(a) by cosC +cosD formula from here we get cos(a)=1 which gives a=0 and a=360 but it's not in our domain and cos(2a)=0 which gives a=45 ,a=135, a= 225 ,a= 315 and sum is 720

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