Trigonometry! #103

Geometry Level 5

The sides of a triangle inscribed in a given circle subtend angles α \alpha , β \beta and γ \gamma at the centre. Then find the minimum value of the arithmetic mean of cos ( α + π 2 ) \cos\left(\alpha+\frac{\pi}{2}\right) , cos ( β + π 2 ) \cos\left(\beta+\frac{\pi}{2}\right) and cos ( γ + π 2 ) \cos\left(\gamma+\frac{\pi}{2}\right) .

If the minimum value can be expressed as a b - \sqrt{ \frac{a}{b} } , where a a and b b are coprime positive integers. What is the value of a + b a + b ?

This problem is part of the set Trigonometry .


The answer is 7.

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1 solution

Omkar Kulkarni
Feb 12, 2015

We know that A M G M AM\ge GM , and the minimum value of the arithmetic mean is obtained when A M = G M AM=GM , which means that the terms are equal.

cos ( α + π 2 ) = cos ( β + π 2 ) = cos ( γ + π 2 ) \therefore \cos \left(\alpha+\frac{\pi}{2}\right)= \cos \left(\beta+\frac{\pi}{2}\right)= \cos \left(\gamma+\frac{\pi}{2}\right)

α = β = γ \Rightarrow\alpha=\beta=\gamma

As α + β + γ = 2 π \alpha+\beta+\gamma=2\pi , we get α = β = γ = 2 π 3 \alpha=\beta=\gamma=\frac{2\pi}{3}

Hence cos ( α + π 2 ) + cos ( β + π 2 ) + cos ( γ + π 2 ) 3 \frac{ \cos \left(\alpha+\frac{\pi}{2}\right)+ \cos \left(\beta+\frac{\pi}{2}\right)+ \cos \left(\gamma+\frac{\pi}{2}\right)} {3}

= cos ( 2 π 3 + π 2 ) + cos ( 2 π 3 + π 2 ) + cos ( 2 π 3 + π 2 ) 3 =\frac{ \cos \left(\frac{2\pi}{3} +\frac{\pi}{2}\right)+ \cos \left(\frac{2\pi}{3}+\frac{\pi}{2}\right)+ \cos \left(\frac{2\pi}{3}+\frac{\pi}{2}\right)} {3}

= sin ( 2 π 3 ) =-\sin\left(\frac{2\pi}{3}\right)

= 3 2 =\boxed{-\frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}}

This logic is applicable only if G M GM is fixed. As it isn't in this case, this proof is flawed.

Deeparaj Bhat - 5 years, 1 month ago

A truely hairsplitting task!!! It's senseless to express 2 as 4 \sqrt{4} !

Andreas Wendler - 4 years, 7 months ago

your solution is flawed

in order to apply AM-GM ,

the terms should be non negative, YOUR SOLUTION DOESNT SHOW THAT

cos (pi/2 +alpha) = -sin(alpha)

now alpha = 2A

0 < A < 180

0 < 2A < 360

THIS MEANS THAT 2A CAN BE ANYWHERE BETWEEN 0 AND 360

SO SIN(2A) CAN BE POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE

-SIN(2A) CAN BE POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE

A Former Brilliant Member - 4 years, 7 months ago

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