Consider all ordered triples of complex numbers ( a , b , c ) which satisfy the following equations:
⎩ ⎪ ⎨ ⎪ ⎧ a b + 3 b = − 9 b c + 3 c = − 9 c a + 3 a = − 9 .
What is the largest possible value of ∣ a b c ∣ ?
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Nicely done!
First, we add all of the given equations to get a b + b c + c a + 3 a + 3 b + 3 c = − 2 7 ( 1 ) .
Second, we multiply the first equation by c , the second by a , and the third by b . We get: a b c + 3 b c a b c + 3 c a a b c + 3 a b = − 9 c = − 9 a = − 9 b Now we add these three equations together to get 3 a b c + 3 a b + 3 b c + 3 c a = − 9 a − 9 b − 9 c , or a b c + a b + b c + c a = − 3 a − 3 b − 3 c . Moving all of the terms to the left-hand side, we obtain a b c + a c + b c + c a + 3 a + 3 b + 3 c = 0 . From equation ( 1 ) , we have a b + b c + c a + 3 a + 3 b + 3 c = − 2 7 , so a b c − 2 7 = 0 , and therefore a b c = 2 7 , the only possible value.
Nicely done!
first we sum up ab+3b=−9 bc+3c=−9 ca+3a=−9 yields ab+bc+ac+3(a+b+c)+27=0
and now
ab+3b=−9 multiply with c => abc+3bc=-9c
bc+3c=−9 multiply with a => abc+3ac=-9a
ca+3a=−9 multiply with b => abc+3ab=-9b and sum up yields
ab+bc+ac+3(a+b+c)+abc=0
then we conclude abc=27.
Using the formulas given, a b c = a ( b c ) = a ( − 9 − 3 c ) = − 3 ( a c + 3 a ) = − 3 ( − 9 ) = 2 7 . Hence, assuming at least one solution ( a , b , c ) , we have ∣ a b c ∣ = ∣ 2 7 ∣ = 2 7 .
Since you raised the question, is there at least one solution?
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Let a = b = c = z such that z 2 + 3 z + 9 = 0 .
Substituting a b c = 2 7 back into the equations (as given by Andi A) gives a = b = c , so the cube roots of 2 7 are the only possible solutions. 3 e 2 π i / 3 and 3 e 4 π i / 3 both seem to work.
ab + 3b = bc + 3c. Implies that: c(b-a) = 3(a-c). So, c = 3(a-c)/(b-a) Analogously, a = 3(a-b)/(b-c) and b = 3(b-c)/(c-a).
So, |abc| = 27
** ca + 3a = bc + 3c. Implies that: c(b-a) = 3(a-c). So, c = 3(a-c)/(b-a) Analogously, a = 3(a-b)/(b-c) and b = 3(b-c)/(c-a).
So, |abc| = 27
since the equations are similar we can take a=b=c.(we can check it by replacing a=b, b=c, in first equation we will get the 2nd equation). Another approach is to maximize |abc| we have to take a=b=c. so we get a^2+3a=-9. =>a^2+3a+9=0 we get |a|= 3. and we know |abc|=|a||b||c| so the ans is 3 3 3=27.
This solution commits a common mistake made in symmetric systems of equations, by assuming that all solution sets must be symmetric.
This solution commutes a common mistake made in inequalities, by assuming that the equality case occurs when everything is symmetric.
The symmetry of the equation does not mean that the answer is symmetric or that the maximum or minimum of any quantity is achieved when the variables are equal.
(ab+3b)(bc+3c)(ca+3a)=-729
abc(a+3)(b+3)(c+3)=-729
abc(abc+3(ab+ac+bc+3a+3b+3c)+27)
abc(abc+3(-27)+27)
(abc)²-54abc+729=0 abc=27
Adding all the equations will give us:
a b + b c + a c + 3 a + 3 b + 3 c = − 2 7
Solving for a , b and c from the three equations, we get:
b ( a + 3 ) = − 9 ⇒ b = a + 3 − 9
c ( b + 3 ) = − 9 ⇒ c = b + 3 − 9
a ( c + 3 ) = − 9 ⇒ a = c + 3 − 9
Then, we get a b c from the product of the three new equations:
a b c = ( a + 3 ) ( b + 3 ) ( c + 3 ) − 7 2 9
a b c = a b c + 3 a b + 3 b c + 3 a c + 9 a + 9 b + 9 c + 2 7 − 7 2 9
a b c = a b c + 2 7 + 3 ( a b + b c + a c + 3 a + 3 b + 3 c ) − 7 2 9 ,
but a b + b c + a c + 3 a + 3 b + 3 c = − 2 7 . Therefore:
a b c = a b c + 2 7 + 3 ( − 2 7 ) − 7 2 9
a b c = a b c − 5 4 − 7 2 9
( a b c ) 2 − 5 4 ( a b c ) + 7 2 9 = 0 . Differentiating this, we have:
2 ( a b c ) − 5 4 = 0 ⇒ a b c = 2 7 . Therefore, the answer is 27
What do you mean by "differentiating this ..."? What are you differentiating with respect to? Is this a valid step?
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Exactly.. Moreover the product of a, b and c is always a constant
yes it is a valid step because it is a perfect square and by using division algorithm we can prove it
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If you would differentiate again, you get 2 = 0 , which is clearly false.
Yes, it is a perfect square, but differentiation has nothing to do with the problem. Change 729 to you favorite number, and the answer would be wrong. Differentiation is used to find derivative. It does not give you roots.
Just asking, couldn't you end the problem with quadratic formula?
ab + 3b = -9
ab = -9 -3b
|abc| = |(-9 -3b)c|
|abc| = |-3(bc + 3c)|
|abc| = |-3(-9)| = |27| = 27
Multiplying all the equations, we get -
a b c ( a + 3 ) ( b + 3 ) ( c + 3 ) = ( − 9 ) 3 f ( a , b , c ) = ( a 2 + 3 a ) ( b 2 + 3 b ) ( c 2 + 3 c ) = ( − 9 ) 3
Clearly, f ( a , b , c ) becomes maximum when ( a 2 + 3 a ) = ( b 2 + 3 b ) = ( c 2 + 3 c ) ( = ( x 2 + 3 x ) )
Hence ( x 2 + 3 x ) 3 = ( − 9 ) 3 ⇒ x 2 + 3 x + 9 = 0
Solving for x gives -
x = 3 ω , 3 ω 2 where ω = 2 − 1 + 3 i
Therefore, a = b = c = 3 ω , 3 ω 2
So, a b c = 3 3 = 2 7
because ω 3 = ω 6 = 1
first add all three equation i.e
ab+bc+ca+3(a+b+c)+27=0...............(i)
now multiply all equation i.e,
abc{ab+bc+ca+6(a+b+c)+27}= -729
now on putting the value of eq.(i) in above equation.
we'll get,
|abc|(a+b+c)=243 [on neglecting the (-) sign]
the possible value of a,b&c would be
|3 3 3|(3+3+3) = 3^5
so largest possible value of |abc| would be 27 Ans.
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The first equation can be expressed as:
a b + 3 b = − 9
b ( a + 3 ) = − 9
b = a + 3 − 9
Similarly, c = b + 3 − 9 .
By substitution, c = a + 3 − 9 + 3 − 9 = a − 3 ( a + 3 )
Multiplying a , b and c yields:
a b c = ( a ) ( a + 3 − 9 ) ( a − 3 ( a + 3 ) )
a b c = 2 7 .