Two digits of 2018

How many integers n n exist such that n 3 9 n + 27 n^3-9n+27 is divisible by 81?


The answer is 0.

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1 solution

Leonel Castillo
Dec 28, 2017

As 81 = 3 4 81 = 3^4 it is good form to see first when is n 3 9 n + 27 n^3 - 9n + 27 divisible by 3 as prime congruences are easy to solve. By applying Fermat's theorem we see that n 3 9 n + 27 0 m o d 3 n^3 - 9n + 27 \equiv 0 \mod 3 if and only if n 0 m o d 3 n \equiv 0 \mod 3 . Therefore if a solution exists it will have the form n = 3 k n = 3k . Let's plug this into the equation to get ( 3 k ) 3 9 ( 3 k ) + 27 = 27 k 3 27 k + 27 = 27 ( k 3 k + 1 ) (3k)^3 - 9 (3k) + 27 = 27k^3 - 27k + 27 = 27(k^3 - k + 1) .

If 27 ( k 3 k + 1 ) = 81 q 27(k^3 - k + 1) = 81q then k 3 k + 1 = 3 q k^3 - k + 1 = 3q and therefore k 3 k + 1 0 m o d 3 k^3 - k + 1 \equiv 0 \mod 3 but then this would imply 1 0 m o d 3 1 \equiv 0 \mod 3 . Therefore, if we assume a solution exists then we get a contradiction. So there must be no solutions.

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