If x , y are prime numbers that satisfy the equation x 2 − 2 y 2 = 1 , find the sum of all distinct values of x + y .
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x 2 = 2 y 2 + 1 gives that x must be an odd integer.
Let x= 2 n + 1 This implies ( 2 n + 1 ) 2 = 4 n 2 + 4 n + 1 = 2 y 2 + 1
y 2 = 2 n ( n + 1 ) Which implies y 2 is even, So, y has to be even.
Hence, y=2 (Only even prime number). Which gives x = 3
x + y = 5
No other values of x , y satisfy the equation above, as y has to be even, and 2 is the only even prime number.
Answer:- 5
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x 2 − 2 y 2 = 1 x 2 − 1 = 2 y 2 ( x + 1 ) ( x − 1 ) = 2 y 2
If x + 1 = 2 ⇒ x = 1 which is not allowed.
If x + 1 = y , x − 1 = 2 y ⇒ x i s o d d ⇒ x = 1 , y = 2 which is not allowed.
If x + 1 = 2 y , x − 1 = y ⇒ x i s o d d ⇒ x = 3 , y = 2 .which is absolutely possible.
If x − 1 = 2 ⇒ x = 3 , y = 2 which is absolutely possible.
Thus , ( x , y ) = ( 3 , 2 ) is the only possible solution, and required answer = 2 + 3 = 5 .