Two variable Equation? Easy enough!

If x , y x,y are prime numbers that satisfy the equation x 2 2 y 2 = 1 x^2-2y^2=1 , find the sum of all distinct values of x + y x+y .


The answer is 5.

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2 solutions

Nihar Mahajan
Jun 17, 2015

x 2 2 y 2 = 1 x 2 1 = 2 y 2 ( x + 1 ) ( x 1 ) = 2 y 2 x^2-2y^2=1 \\ x^2-1=2y^2 \\ (x+1)(x-1)=2y^2

If x + 1 = 2 x = 1 x+1=2 \Rightarrow x=1 which is not allowed.

If x + 1 = y , x 1 = 2 y x i s o d d x = 1 , y = 2 x+1=y \ , \ x-1=2y \Rightarrow \ x \ is \ odd \ \Rightarrow x=1 \ , \ y=2 which is not allowed.

If x + 1 = 2 y , x 1 = y x i s o d d x = 3 , y = 2 x+1=2y \ , \ x-1=y \Rightarrow \ x \ is \ odd \ \Rightarrow x=3 \ , \ y=2 .which is absolutely possible.

If x 1 = 2 x = 3 , y = 2 x-1=2 \Rightarrow x=3 \ , \ y=2 which is absolutely possible.

Thus , ( x , y ) = ( 3 , 2 ) (x,y) = (3,2) is the only possible solution, and required answer = 2 + 3 = 5 =2+3=5 .

Mehul Arora
Jun 17, 2015

x 2 = 2 y 2 + 1 x^2=2y^2+1 gives that x must be an odd integer.

Let x= 2 n + 1 2n+1 This implies ( 2 n + 1 ) 2 = 4 n 2 + 4 n + 1 = 2 y 2 + 1 {{(2n+1)}}^2=4n^2+4n+1=2y^2+1

y 2 = 2 n ( n + 1 ) y^2=2n(n+1) Which implies y 2 y^2 is even, So, y has to be even.

Hence, y=2 (Only even prime number). Which gives x = 3 x=3

x + y = 5 x+y=5

No other values of x , y x,y satisfy the equation above, as y has to be even, and 2 is the only even prime number.

Answer:- 5 \boxed {5}

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