UNSW MathSoc Championships Q14

You have three dice each with numbers 1 6 1-6 . The first die is a fair die and the second die has 1 / 12 1/12 probability of showing each of 1 1 , 3 3 and 6 6 , and 1 / 4 1/4 probability of showing each of 2 2 , 4 4 and 5 5 . The third die has probability 7 / 25 7/25 of showing 1 1 , probability 1 / 5 1/5 of showing each of 2 2 and 6 6 , probability 3 / 25 3/25 of showing each of 3 3 and 5 5 , and probability 2 / 25 2/25 of showing 4 4 . You roll the three dice. Assuming the results are independent, what is the probability that the sum of the results is even?

If your answer is of the form a b \frac{a}{b} , where a a and b b are positive, coprime integers, find the value of a + b a+b .


The answer is 3.

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1 solution

Aryaman Maithani
Jun 21, 2018

The key to this problem is the fact that the first die is a fair one.

The sum of numbers on the second and third dice will either be odd or even. In either case, the number on the first die must also have the same parity as the sum and the probability will be 1 2 \frac12 .

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