Valentine Vinculum Part 2

Logic Level 3

Agnishom is in love and decided to talk to his crush on Valentine's Day.

Agnishom: What's your phone number, sweetheart?

Agnishom's Love: Well, if you take your phone number and replace it the leftmost digit with a 1, you get my phone number.

Agnishom: And the 4-digit area code that comes before it?

Agnishom's Love: You know, the product of the four digits in the code is actually the square root of my phone number.

Agnishom: Hey, that's still insufficient information.

Agnishom's Love: Ah, but if I tell you the sum of digits of the code, then you can figure it out exactly.

What is the 4-digit code?


Note: Even though you have fewer pieces of information (e.g. you don't know how many digits the phone number has or what it is), you can still figure out the 4-digit code from the conversation.


The answer is 6666.

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2 solutions

Calvin Lin Staff
Oct 21, 2016

We are given that A is able to figure out the entire 4-digit code. If the code isn't all the same digits, then there exist various permutations which would make it unable for him to figure it out. Hence, we can conclude that the code is of the form a a a a \overline{ aaaa} .

Now, he knows the product is a 4 a^ 4 . Since he was previously unable to figure out what the code must be, we know that there is more than 1 way to factorize a 4 a^4 using only 4 digits.

Hence, we could have:
( 1 4 1^ 4 has no other factorization)
2 4 2^ 4 with another factorization like 1 × 2 × 2 × 4 1 \times 2 \times 2 \times 4
3 4 3^ 4 with the other factorization like 1 × 3 × 3 × 9 1 \times 3 \times 3 \times 9
4 4 4^ 4 with the other factorization like 2 × 4 × 4 × 8 2 \times 4 \times 4 \times 8
( 5 4 5^ 4 has no other factorization)
6 4 6^ 4 has other factorizations like like 4 × 4 × 9 × 9 4 \times 4 \times 9 \times 9
( 7 4 7^ 4 has no other factorization)
( 8 4 8^ 4 has no other factorization)
( 9 4 9^ 4 has no other factorization)


We still have one remaining fact, which is that the square of the (product of the digits) starts with 1. We then check that ( 2 4 ) 2 = 256 , ( 3 4 ) 2 = 6562 , ( 4 4 ) 2 = 65356 , ( 6 4 ) 2 = 1679616 (2^4)^2 = 256, (3^4)^2 = 6562, (4^4) ^2 = 65356, (6^4)^2 = 1679616 .

Thus, the only possibility is that the code is 6666, and the phone number is 1679616,

I reversed the order in the analysis after determining that all digits are the same.

Only for 1111, 6666, and 8888 does the square of the product of their digits start with a 1 (1, 1679616, and 16777216 respectively).

Of these, only 6666 has multiple factorizations in 4 digits (viz. permutations of 4499 and 4669).

Tom Verhoeff - 4 years, 7 months ago

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What I did also!

David Richner - 4 years, 1 month ago
Hakan Eskici
Dec 21, 2016
  • code=area code
  • code= x y z t xyzt
  • we know code is 4 digit number
  • ( c o d e ) (code) ^2=1..(unknown numbers of digit)
  • ( x . y . z . t ) (x.y.z.t) ^2 can be minimum 1000000 becuase x . y . z . t x.y.z.t can be minimum 1000
  • ( x . y . z . t ) (x.y.z.t) ^2 can be maximum 1999396(because phone number contains 1 as left most digit) x . y . z . t x.y.z.t can be maximum 1414
  • 1000≤ x . y . z . t x.y.z.t ≤1414 1000000≤phone number≤1999396
  • Agnishom knows the [ x . y . z . t x.y.z.t ]'s result but he couldn't find out number however Agnishom's Love says if she tells Agnishom sum of digits Agnishom can figure out it exactly.
  • the sentence above simply means all numbers of xyzt is same because even if one number is diffrent,it can be formed another number such as yzxt,tyzx,zytx.. (becuase Commutative property of multiplication) and it makes Agnishom to find girl's phone number impossible.
  • 1^4=1 1<1000 does not support inequality 1000≤ x . y . z . t x.y.z.t ≤1414
  • 2^4=16 16<1000 does not support inequality 1000≤ x . y . z . t x.y.z.t ≤1414
  • 3^4=81 81<1000 does not support inequality 1000≤ x . y . z . t x.y.z.t ≤1414
  • 4^4=256 256<1000 does not support inequality 1000≤ x . y . z . t x.y.z.t ≤1414
  • 5^4=625 625<1000 does not support inequality 1000≤ x . y . z . t x.y.z.t ≤1414
  • 6^4=1296 1000< 1296 1296 <1414 DEFINITELY SUPPORTS INEQUALITY
  • 7^4=2401 2401>1414 does not support inequality 1000≤ x . y . z . t x.y.z.t ≤1414
  • 8^4=4096 4096>1414 does not support inequality 1000≤ x . y . z . t x.y.z.t ≤1414
  • 9^4=6561 6561>1414 does not support inequality 1000≤ x . y . z . t x.y.z.t ≤1414
  • [9.4.9.4 = 6.6.6.6 9+4+9+4=26 6+6+6+6=24 it is proof why sum is necessary]
  • so the area code is 6666 6666

I started somewhat similarly but then realized it doesn't have to be a 7 digit number (just starts with 1) so the inequality of the product of the digits in the code is not necessarily between 1000 and 1414. The parts about all 4 digits being the same and multiple factorizations are what direct to the solution.

David Richner - 4 years, 1 month ago

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sir first i would like to explain my solution is experimental oriented; definitely it have to be 7 digit number becasue,in question it says 4 digit number area code and this number's square starts with "1" .i started with 1000 because it's square starts with ''1''(and it is smallest 4 digit number) after some experiments (1415)^2 =2002225 starts with ''2'' i realized inclusive between 1000 and 1414 all numbers square starts with ''1'' and all of them 7 digit number thats why it have to be 7 digit number spesificly, i am talking here with proofs...

Hakan Eskici - 4 years, 1 month ago

8888 also works - 6666 is not the only solution

Prateek Pashine - 4 years, 4 months ago

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