What is the value of a 10% annual coupon bond with a face value of $1000 and 10 years to maturity, if the 1-year yield curve is 0.50%, the 5-year yield curve is 0.75% and the 10-year yield curve is 3.0%?
Choose the closest value.
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There is some theoretical justification for why should I use the next available interest rate and not the last one, or a mix of the two? Maybe a composite interest rate or a center value.
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The "justification" is that's how it's taught / calculated. When asked such a question, this is generally what they will expect. Of course, you can be explicit about this assumption that we're making.
For a given firm, they might have their own rules for what interest rate to use.
In the wiki, there is a formula that states: P V = ( 1 + y 1 % ) 1 c % $ P + ( 1 + y 2 % ) 2 c % $ P + ( 1 + y 3 % ) 3 c % $ P + … + ( 1 + y T − 1 % ) T − 1 c % $ P + ( 1 + y T % ) T c % $ P + $ P .
The industrial standard is to use the data for the year that is available next whenever some particular value is not available (even though that might not be the best way to approximate it.
( 1 + 0 . 0 3 ) 1 0 0 . 1 × 1 0 0 0 + 1 0 0 0 + ( 1 + 0 . 0 0 5 ) 1 0 . 1 × 1 0 0 0 + ( 1 + 0 . 0 0 7 5 ) 2 0 . 1 × 1 0 0 0 + ( 1 + 0 . 0 0 7 5 ) 3 0 . 1 × 1 0 0 0 + ( 1 + 0 . 0 0 7 5 ) 4 0 . 1 × 1 0 0 0 + ( 1 + 0 . 0 0 7 5 ) 5 0 . 1 × 1 0 0 0 + ( 1 + 0 . 0 3 ) 6 0 . 1 × 1 0 0 0 + ( 1 + 0 . 0 3 ) 7 0 . 1 × 1 0 0 0 + ( 1 + 0 . 0 3 ) 8 0 . 1 × 1 0 0 0 + ( 1 + 0 . 0 3 ) 9 0 . 1 × 1 0 0 0
Mathematica Code:
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We are only given the 1 year, 5 year and 10 year yield curve values, and have to guess what the remaining values should be. Without further data, the best estimate of the 2, 3, 4 year yield rate would be the 5 year yield rate, and the 6, 7, 8 year yield rate would be the 10 year yield rate.
As such, this gives us the following table: