Mrs. Smith complains while walking with her husband again and again that he walks too slowly. The preferred walking velocity of Mr. Smith is v 1 = 2 . 7 5 m/s . What is the preferred walking speed v 2 of his wife? Give the result in units of m/s and exactly to two decimal places.
Details and Assumptions:
Hint: Solve this task using dimension analysis. Construct a dimensionless quantity from given parameters and separate between relevant and irrelevant quantities. Calculate a power law for the velocity and determine the velocity ratio v 2 / v 1 .
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During the walk, a part of the body acts like a pendulum, and the period is T = α l / g , where α depends on the shape of the body, but not the size. The velocity is the ratio of the step size (proportional to l ) to the period: v = α ′ l / g l = α ′ l g . Assuming α ′ is the same for Mr. and Mrs. Smith, we get v 1 / v 2 = l 1 / l 2 and v 1 = 3 . 0 0 m/s.
It is a bit confusing that Mr. Smith is so much shorter than Mrs. Smith.
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The units of the given quantities are [ v ] = s m , [ m ] = kg , [ l ] = m , [ g ] = s 2 m It is noticeable that the unit kg appears only once in body weight. Therefore, the weight can not contribute to a dimensionless quantity and is irrelevant to solving the task. We obtain the dimensionless quantity from the other parameters α = g l v 2 , [ α ] = 1 Solving the equation for the velocity results v = α g l ∝ l 1 / 2 ⇒ v 1 v 2 = l 1 l 2 ≈ 1 . 0 8 9 7 Therefore, v 2 ≈ 1 . 0 8 9 7 ⋅ v 1 ≈ 3 s m