Wedge problem

The system is released from rest. Calculate the speed of wedge (in ms 1 \text{ms}^{-1} ) when block reaches the bottom of the wedge.

Details and assumptions:

  • Wedge is movable

  • Mass of wedge is twice the mass of block

  • The height of the wedge is 20 meters

  • The angle of inclination is 3 0 30 ^\circ

  • Take g = 10 ms 2 g = 10 \, \text{ms}^{-2}

  • All the surfaces are smooth

  • Give your answer to 2 decimal places.


The answer is 6.67.

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2 solutions

G Silb
Aug 21, 2019

Suppose the wedge ends up moving to the left with speed s x s_x .

By conservation of momentum in the horizontal direction, the block will be moving to the right with speed 2 s x 2 s_x .

Then just before the block slides off the wedge, it will be going downward at s y ( s x + 2 s x ) tan ( 30 ) = 3 s x s_y \equiv (s_x + 2s_x)\tan(30)=\sqrt 3 s_x .

The total speed of the block will be s B l o c k ( 3 s x ) 2 + ( 2 s x ) 2 = 7 s x s_{Block} \equiv \sqrt{ (\sqrt 3 s_x)^2 + (2 s_x)^2 } = \sqrt 7 s_x .

The kinetic energy of the wedge as the block slides off is 1 2 ( 2 m ) s x 2 = m s x 2 \frac{1}{2} (2 m) s_x^2=m s_x^2 .

The kinetic energy of the block as it slides off is 1 2 m ( 7 s x 2 ) = 7 2 m s x 2 \frac{1}{2} m (7 s_x^2)=\frac{7}{2}m s_x^2 .

By conservation of energy, the total kinetic energy must equal the initial potential energy, which is entirely due to the block: 4.5 m s x 2 = m g h 4.5 m s_x^2 = mgh .

Solving s x = g h 4.5 6.67 s_x = \sqrt{\frac{g h}{4.5}} \approx 6.67

Use momentum conservation along x-axis to find relation between velocities of the block and the wedge .Then finally apply energy conservation for the wedge-block system to get individual velocities. Easy question :p!!!

I have a query we can find the accln of wedge. Now integrate till the time when the block comes down. Done?!

Md Zuhair - 3 years, 11 months ago

I don't think that would be easy.BTW how do you plan to calculate time taken for the block to reach the bottom?

A Former Brilliant Member - 3 years, 11 months ago

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t A = 2 h g t_A=\sqrt{\dfrac{2h}{g}}

Md Zuhair - 3 years, 11 months ago

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