What is the measure of the diameter?

Geometry Level 2

In A B C \triangle ABC , side A B = 20 AB=20 , A C = 11 AC=11 , and B C = 13 BC=13 .

Find the diameter of the semicircle inscribed in A B C \triangle ABC , whose diameter lies on A B AB , and that is tangent to A C AC and B C BC .


The answer is 11.

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1 solution

Hosam Hajjir
Jun 9, 2018

From the tangent points we draw the radii to the center of the circle O O which lies on segment AB, then we divide A B C \triangle ABC into two smaller triangles A O C \triangle AOC and B O C \triangle BOC . The sum of the small triangles areas is equal to the area of A B C \triangle ABC . Let the length of the radius be r r , then

[ A O C ] = 11 2 r [AOC] = \dfrac{11}{2} r , and

[ B O C ] = 13 2 r [BOC] = \dfrac{13}{2} r

Further, from Heron's formula, we can compute the area of A B C \triangle ABC . The semi-perimeter s = 1 2 ( 20 + 11 + 13 ) = 22 s = \frac{1}{2} (20+11+13) = 22 . Hence

[ A B C ] = s ( s a ) ( s b ) ( s c ) = ( 22 ) ( 2 ) ( 11 ) ( 9 ) = ( 11 ) ( 2 ) ( 3 ) = 66 [ABC] = \sqrt{ s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c) } = \sqrt{ (22)(2)(11)(9) } = (11)(2)(3) = 66

Thus, 11 2 r + 13 2 r = 66 \dfrac{11}{2} r + \dfrac{13}{2} r = 66 . Solving for r r , we get r = 66 12 = 11 2 r = \dfrac{66}{12} = \dfrac{11}{2} .

Therefore, the diameter d = 2 r = 11 d = 2 r = 11

Thank you, very nice solution.

Hana Wehbi - 3 years ago

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