What sorcery is this?

Algebra Level 3

For an even number n n , what is the alternate form of 2 i = 0 n / 2 ( n 2 i ) x n 2 i y 2 i ? \large 2\sum_{i=0}^{n/2}\binom{n}{2i}x^{n-2i}y^{2i}?

( x + y ) n ( x y ) n (x+y)^n-(x-y)^n ( x y ) 2 n (x-y)^{2n} ( x + y ) 2 n (x+y)^{2n} ( x + y ) n + ( x y ) n (x+y)^n+(x-y)^n

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1 solution

Kay Xspre
Dec 6, 2015

For a quick solution, one may want to remove choices of ( x ± y ) 2 n (x\pm y)^{2n} as if these answers are correct, the binomial coefficient shall be ( 2 n j ) \binom{2n}{j} for natural number j < 2 n j < 2n , and the coefficient of the first term shall be a multiple of 2 2 , both equations of which failed to satisfy. Now we try to expand ( x + y ) n (x+y)^n and ( x y ) n (x-y)^n which gives ( x + y ) n = i = 0 n ( n i ) x n i y i (x+y)^n = \sum_{i=0}^{n}\binom{n}{i}x^{n-i}y^{i} and ( x y ) n = i = 0 n ( n i ) x n i ( y ) i (x-y)^n = \sum_{i=0}^{n}\binom{n}{i}x^{n-i}(-y)^{i} At this form, if we add the two equation together, every even-degree term of x x or y y ( NOT where both x x and y y are in odd-degree) will be combined to twice its term while odd-degree term (of x x or y y ) will be subtracted to zero (it will be another way round if the two equation were subtracted), hence, the answer should be ( x + y ) n + ( x y ) n (x+y)^n+(x-y)^n

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