What the Hex-agon?

Geometry Level 3

A hexagon with side lengths 20 , 20 , 20 , 20 , 18 , 18 , 20, 20, 20, 20, 18, 18, not necessarily in that order, is inscribed in a circle. The sum of all possible radii lengths of the circle can be written as p + q r , \dfrac{p + \sqrt{q}}{r}, where p , q , r p, q, r are positive integers such that q q is not divisible by the square of any prime. Find the value of p + q + r . p + q + r.


The answer is 892.

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1 solution

Mark Hennings
Jan 18, 2018

Using the Cosine rule, a side of length 20 20 subtends an angle a = cos 1 ( 1 200 R 2 ) a = \cos^{-1}\left(1 - \tfrac{200}{R^2}\right) at the centre, while a side of length 18 18 subtends an angle b = cos 1 ( 1 162 R 2 ) b = \cos^{-1}\left(1 - \tfrac{162}{R^2}\right) at the centre, where R R is the radius of the circle. Thus we require that 4 a + 2 b = 2 π 4a + 2b = 2\pi , and hence a = 1 2 π 1 2 b a = \tfrac12\pi - \tfrac12b , so that cos a = sin 1 2 b \cos a = \sin\tfrac12b . Thus we deduce that 1 200 R 2 = 9 R R 2 9 R 200 = 0 \begin{aligned} 1 - \tfrac{200}{R^2} & = \; \tfrac{9}{R} \\ R^2 - 9R - 200 & = \; 0 \end{aligned} and hence the only possible value of R > 0 R > 0 is 1 2 ( 9 + 881 ) \tfrac12(9 + \sqrt{881}) , making the answer 9 + 881 + 2 = 892 9 + 881 + 2 = \boxed{892} .

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