What's the height of the pyramid ?

Level pending

Extend the above pyramid to a n n - gonal pyramid.

In the first diagram the filled water is 8 8 cm from the vertex of the n n - gonal pyramid.

In the second diagram the n n - gonal pyramid is turned upside down and the filled water is 2 2 cm from the base of the pyramid.

What is the height of the n n - gonal pyramid?


The answer is 10.2195.

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1 solution

Rocco Dalto
Feb 2, 2020

Clearly in both cases the volume is the same.

Let x x be the length of a side of the n n gon.

x 2 = r sin ( π n ) r = x 2 sin ( π n ) \dfrac{x}{2} = r\sin(\dfrac{\pi}{n}) \implies r = \dfrac{x}{2\sin(\dfrac{\pi}{n})} \implies h = r cos ( π n ) = 1 2 x cot ( π n ) h = r\cos(\dfrac{\pi}{n}) = \dfrac{1}{2}x\cot(\dfrac{\pi}{n}) \implies

The area A A of the n n gon is A = 1 4 cot ( π n ) x 2 A = \dfrac{1}{4}\cot(\dfrac{\pi}{n})x^2 \implies

The volume V V of the n n - gonal pyramid is V = 1 12 x 2 cot ( π n ) H V = \dfrac{1}{12}x^2\cot(\dfrac{\pi}{n})H

Let h 1 = 1 2 x 1 cot ( π n ) h_{1} = \dfrac{1}{2}x_{1}\cot(\dfrac{\pi}{n})

P S T P S R 16 x 1 cot ( π n ) = \triangle{PST} \sim \triangle{PSR} \implies \dfrac{16}{x_{1}\cot(\dfrac{\pi}{n})} = 2 H x cot ( π n ) \dfrac{2H}{x\cot(\dfrac{\pi}{n})}

8 x 1 = H x x 1 = 8 x H \implies \dfrac{8}{x_{1}} = \dfrac{H}{x} \implies x_{1} = \dfrac{8x}{H}

V 1 = 1 12 x 2 cot ( π n ) H 1 12 ( 8 x H ) 2 cot ( π n ) ( 8 ) = \implies V_{1} = \dfrac{1}{12}x^2\cot(\dfrac{\pi}{n})H - \dfrac{1}{12}(\dfrac{8x}{H})^2\cot(\dfrac{\pi}{n})(8) = 1 12 x 2 cot ( π n ) ( H 3 512 H 2 ) \dfrac{1}{12}x^2\cot(\dfrac{\pi}{n})(\dfrac{H^{3} - 512}{H^2})

Let h 2 = 1 2 x 2 cot ( π n ) h_{2} = \dfrac{1}{2}x_{2}\cot(\dfrac{\pi}{n})

P U V P R Q 2 ( H 2 ) x 2 cot ( π n ) = \triangle{PUV} \sim \triangle{PRQ} \implies \dfrac{2(H - 2)}{x_{2}\cot(\dfrac{\pi}{n})} = 2 H x cot ( π n ) \dfrac{2H}{x\cot(\dfrac{\pi}{n})} H 2 x 2 = H x \implies \dfrac{H - 2}{x_{2}} = \dfrac{H}{x} \implies

x 2 = ( H 2 ) x H x_{2} = \dfrac{(H - 2)x}{H} \implies V 2 = 1 12 ( ( H 2 ) 2 H 2 ) x 2 cot ( π n ) ( H 2 ) = V_{2} = \dfrac{1}{12}(\dfrac{(H - 2)^2}{H^2})x^2\cot(\dfrac{\pi}{n})(H - 2) =

1 12 cot ( π n ) x 2 ( H 2 ) 3 H 2 \dfrac{1}{12}\cot(\dfrac{\pi}{n})x^2\dfrac{(H - 2)^3}{H^2}

V 1 = V 2 H 3 512 = H 3 6 H 2 + 12 H 8 H 2 2 H 84 = 0 V_{1} = V_{2} \implies H^3 - 512 = H^3 - 6H^2 + 12H - 8 \implies H^2 - 2H - 84 = 0

Taking the positive root H = 1 + 85 10.2195 \implies H = 1 + \sqrt{85} \approx \boxed{10.2195}

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