Extend the above pyramid to a - gonal pyramid.
In the first diagram the filled water is cm from the vertex of the - gonal pyramid.
In the second diagram the - gonal pyramid is turned upside down and the filled water is cm from the base of the pyramid.
What is the height of the - gonal pyramid?
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Clearly in both cases the volume is the same.
Let x be the length of a side of the n gon.
2 x = r sin ( n π ) ⟹ r = 2 sin ( n π ) x ⟹ h = r cos ( n π ) = 2 1 x cot ( n π ) ⟹
The area A of the n gon is A = 4 1 cot ( n π ) x 2 ⟹
The volume V of the n - gonal pyramid is V = 1 2 1 x 2 cot ( n π ) H
Let h 1 = 2 1 x 1 cot ( n π )
△ P S T ∼ △ P S R ⟹ x 1 cot ( n π ) 1 6 = x cot ( n π ) 2 H
⟹ x 1 8 = x H ⟹ x 1 = H 8 x
⟹ V 1 = 1 2 1 x 2 cot ( n π ) H − 1 2 1 ( H 8 x ) 2 cot ( n π ) ( 8 ) = 1 2 1 x 2 cot ( n π ) ( H 2 H 3 − 5 1 2 )
Let h 2 = 2 1 x 2 cot ( n π )
△ P U V ∼ △ P R Q ⟹ x 2 cot ( n π ) 2 ( H − 2 ) = x cot ( n π ) 2 H ⟹ x 2 H − 2 = x H ⟹
x 2 = H ( H − 2 ) x ⟹ V 2 = 1 2 1 ( H 2 ( H − 2 ) 2 ) x 2 cot ( n π ) ( H − 2 ) =
1 2 1 cot ( n π ) x 2 H 2 ( H − 2 ) 3
V 1 = V 2 ⟹ H 3 − 5 1 2 = H 3 − 6 H 2 + 1 2 H − 8 ⟹ H 2 − 2 H − 8 4 = 0
Taking the positive root ⟹ H = 1 + 8 5 ≈ 1 0 . 2 1 9 5