Find the units digit of , where is a natural number.
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Relevant wiki: Euler's Theorem
2 7 3 p − 1 3 3 p ≡ 7 3 p mod ϕ ( 1 0 ) − 3 3 p mod ϕ ( 1 0 ) (mod 10) ≡ 7 3 p mod 4 − 3 3 p mod 4 (mod 10) ≡ 7 ( 4 − 1 ) p mod 4 − 3 ( 4 − 1 ) p mod 4 (mod 10) ≡ 7 ( − 1 ) p − 3 ( − 1 ) p (mod 10) ≡ { 7 1 − 3 1 ≡ 4 (mod 10) 7 3 − 3 3 ≡ 7 ( 4 9 ) − 3 ( 9 ) ≡ 6 (mod 10) Since g cd ( 7 , 3 , 1 0 ) = 1 , Euler’s theorem applies. Euler’s totient function ϕ ( 1 0 ) = 4 Note that ( − 1 ) p = { 1 (mod 4) − 1 (mod 4) if p is even. if p is odd.
Therefore, the answer is either 4 or 6 .