Let , find the unit digit of .
Note: The unit digit is the digit just before the decimal point.
This section requires Javascript.
You are seeing this because something didn't load right. We suggest you, (a) try
refreshing the page, (b) enabling javascript if it is disabled on your browser and,
finally, (c)
loading the
non-javascript version of this page
. We're sorry about the hassle.
Note that 0 < 1 5 − 2 2 0 = 1 5 + 2 2 0 5 < 3 1 and so certainly 0 < ( 1 5 − 2 2 0 ) 8 2 < ( 1 5 − 2 2 0 ) 1 9 < 3 1 so that 0 < B = ( 1 5 − 2 2 0 ) 1 9 + ( 1 5 − 2 2 0 ) 8 2 < 3 2 < 1 In fact, B is very close to 0 , but the above is enough. Now ( 1 5 + 2 2 0 ) 1 9 + ( 1 5 − 2 2 0 ) 1 9 ( 1 5 + 2 2 0 ) 8 2 + ( 1 5 − 2 2 0 ) 8 2 = 2 j = 0 ∑ 9 ( 2 j 1 9 ) 1 5 1 9 − 2 j 2 2 0 j = 2 j = 0 ∑ 4 1 ( 2 j 8 2 ) 1 5 8 2 − 2 j 2 2 0 j and so, since 2 2 0 ≡ 0 ( m o d 1 0 ) , we see that ( 1 5 + 2 2 0 ) 1 9 + ( 1 5 − 2 2 0 ) 1 9 ( 1 5 + 2 2 0 ) 8 2 + ( 1 5 − 2 2 0 ) 8 2 ≡ 2 × 1 5 1 9 ≡ 0 ≡ 2 × 1 5 8 2 ≡ 0 modulo 1 0 . Thus, if we define A = ( 1 5 + 2 2 0 ) 1 9 + ( 1 5 + 2 2 0 ) 8 2 then we have shown that A + B ≡ 0 ( m o d 1 0 ) , and so (since 0 < B < 1 ) the last digit of A before the decimal point is 9