Given a 2 + 2 b = 7 , b 2 + 4 c = − 7 , c 2 + 6 a = − 1 4 , a , b , c real, what is the value of a 2 + b 2 + c 2 ?
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Oh, I forgot to give restrictions over a , b , c . Modifying it.
a 2 + 2 b = 7
b 2 + 4 c = − 7
c 2 + 6 a = − 1 4
⟹
a 2 + 2 b + 1 = 8
b 2 + 4 c + 4 = − 3
c 2 + 6 a + 9 = − 5
⟹
( a + 3 ) 2 + ( b + 1 ) 2 + ( c + 2 ) 2 = 0 ⟹ a = − 3 , b = − 1 and c = − 2 which are the only real values which satisfy the initial equations
∴ a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = 1 4 .
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Adding all three equations, we get a 2 + 6 a + b 2 + 2 b + c 2 + 4 c = − 1 4 .
Completing the squares, a 2 + 6 a + 9 + b 2 + 2 b + 1 + c 2 + 4 c + 4 = ( a + 3 ) 2 + ( b + 1 ) 2 + ( c + 2 ) 2 = 0 .
If a , b , c are real, this is only possible when a = − 3 , b = − 1 , c = − 2 , so that a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = 1 4 .
However, there are other solutions if a , b , c are allowed to be complex, which give different (complex) values for a 2 + b 2 + c 2 . One such solution is a = 2 − i 3 , b = 3 + 2 i 3 , c = − 1 − 3 i 3 , giving a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = − 2 8 + 1 4 i 3 .