When parabola meets a rectangle

Geometry Level 5

The figure shows a rectangle A B C D ABCD with D ( 0 , 0 ) D(0,0) , A C = 4 AC=4 , A B = 8 AB=8 . Point O O is the centre of gravity, and curves A O B , B O C , C O D , A O D AOB,BOC,COD,AOD are parabolas passing through it. Line P Q PQ is perpendicular to O C OC and passes through the mid-point of O C OC . What is the length of P Q PQ ?

0.835 0.449 0.685 0.237 0.375 0.568 0.971

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1 solution

K T
Jan 16, 2021

It does not really matter that the origin is given at D D . For simplicity, I choose it to be at O O . The line PQ has to go through ( 2 , 1 ) (2,-1) , midway between O = ( 0 , 0 ) O=(0,0) and C = ( 4 , 2 ) C=(4,-2) . And its slope must be 2, because it is perpendicular to line OC which has slope 1 / 2 -1/2 . Our line is given by y = 2 x 5 y=2x-5

P is an intersection point of the line with parabola C O D COD , given by y = x 2 / 8 y=-x^2/8 . Filling in 2 x 5 = x 2 / 8 2x-5=-x^2/8 leads to x 2 + 16 x 40 = 0 , x = 8 ± 104 x^2+16x-40=0, x=-8 \pm \sqrt{104} . The x-coordinate of point P is the positive value: x P = 2 26 8 x_P=2\sqrt{26}-8

Q is an intersection point of the line with parabola B O C BOC , given by x = y 2 x=y^2 . Filling in x = ( 2 x 5 ) 2 x=(2x-5)^2 leads to 4 x 2 21 x + 25 = 0 , x = 21 ± 41 8 4x^2-21x+25=0, x=\frac{21 \pm \sqrt{41}}{8} . The x-coordinate of point Q is the smaller one of these values: x Q = 21 41 8 x_Q=\frac{21 - \sqrt{41}}{8}

Let's consider the difference in the x-coordinates of P and Q Δ x = x P x Q = 41 + 16 26 85 8 Δx = x_P-x_Q= \frac{\sqrt{41}+16\sqrt{26}-85}{8} Because P and Q are on a line with slope 2, we have Δ y = 2 Δ x Δy=2Δx , and the distance is d = ( Δ x ) 2 + ( Δ y ) 2 = 5 Δ x d=\sqrt{(Δx)^2+(Δy)^2}=\sqrt{5}Δx

d = 5 Δ x = 1 8 205 + 2 130 85 8 5 0.835 d=\sqrt{5}Δx=\frac{1}{8}\sqrt{205}+2\sqrt{130} -\frac{85}{8}\sqrt{5}\approx 0.835

Honestly, this is not a level 5 problem.

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