Where Do They Concur?

Geometry Level 4

If an acute A B C , \triangle ABC, D , E , F D,E,F are the feet of perpendiculars from A , B , C A,B,C on B C , C A , A B BC,CA,AB respectively. Lines E F , E D , D E EF, ED, DE meet lines B C , C A , A B BC,CA,AB at points P , Q , R P,Q,R respectively. Let H H be the orthocenter of A B C . \triangle ABC. Construct lines A , B , C \ell _A, \ell _B, \ell _C passing through A , B , C A,B,C and perpendicular to P H , Q H , R H PH,QH,RH respectively. It turns out that lines A , B , C \ell _A, \ell _B, \ell _C are concurrent at a point X X within A B C . \triangle ABC. Then, X X is the .......... of A B C . \triangle ABC.

Details and assumptions

  • The picture shows how A \ell_A is defined. Lines B \ell_B and C \ell_C are defined analogously.

  • This problem is inspired from a problem which appeared in the India TST.

Symmedian point Incenter Gergonne point Centroid

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2 solutions

Let A A' be the midpoint of segment B C BC . By Brokard's Theorem on cyclic quadrilateral B C E F BCEF , A A' is the orthocenter of triangle A H P AHP . Therefore, l A l_A passes through A A' , i.e. l A l_A passes through the centroid of triangle A B C ABC . Similarly, l B l_B and l C l_C pass through the centroid of triangle A B C ABC , so X X is the centroid of triangle A B C ABC . \blacksquare

This is my first solution on Brilliant, so please give me feedback.

Image link: http://s30.postimg.org/wy0qtjcrl/Untitled.png Image link: http://s30.postimg.org/wy0qtjcrl/Untitled.png

Let M M be the midpoint of B C . BC. We shall show that A M = A . AM= \ell_A. Let J J be the foot of perpendicular from H H on A M . AM. It shall suffice to show that P , H , J P,H,J are collinear.

Since H F A B , H J A J , HF \perp AB, HJ \perp AJ, and H E A C , HE \perp AC, points A , F , H , J , E A,F,H,J,E lie on a circle. Let ω 1 \omega _1 denote this circle. Also, since B E A C BE \perp AC and B F A B , BF \perp AB, points B , C , E , F B,C,E,F lie on a circle. Let ω 2 \omega_2 denote this circle. Finally, let ω 3 \omega_3 denote the nine point circle of A B C , \triangle ABC, which passes through the points M , D , E , F . M,D,E,F.

Observe that E F , B C , EF,BC, and H J HJ are the radical axes of ( ω 1 , ω 2 ) , ( ω 2 , ω 3 ) , (\omega_1, \omega_2), (\omega_2, \omega_3), and ( ω 3 , ω 1 ) (\omega_3, \omega_1 ) respectively, so they must concur at the radical center of ω 1 , ω 2 , ω 3 . \omega_1, \omega_2, \omega_3. It follows that P , H , J P,H,J are collinear. \blacksquare

Analogous arguments show that B \ell_B and C \ell_C are the medians passing through B , C B,C respectively. Hence, A , B , C \ell_A, \ell_B, \ell_C are concurrent at the centroid \fbox{centroid} of A B C . \triangle ABC.

There is a small typo in your problem. It says lines E F EF , E D ED , D E DE , but it should say E F EF , F D FD , D E DE .

Jon Haussmann - 6 years, 11 months ago

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