If and are all prime numbers greater than 3, what is the largest number which always divides ?
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f a c t o r i z e ( p 2 − 1 ) ( q 2 − 1 ) ( r 2 − 1 ) w e k n o w t h a t a l l p r i m e n u m b e r c a n b e w r i t e a s 6 k ± 1 . l e t , p = 6 k ± 1 q = 6 m ± 1 r = 6 n ± 1 . s o , t h a t i t c a n b e w r i t t e n 1 2 3 k m n ( 3 k ± 1 ) ( 3 m ± 1 ) ( 3 n ± 1 ) . k = m = n = 1 i s t h e s m a l l e s t v a l u e . s o , t h e g r e a t e s t d i v i d e r i s 1 2 3 2 3 = 1 3 8 2 4