is a circle whose radius is . is a circle which is tangent to the larger circle at . If and if , which of the following is the area of the yellow region?
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Let X be the center of the smaller circle. Draw A X as shown. Let r = A X = X G = F X = O C , y = O X and x = A O . Then we have
r + y = 2 2 r + 9 ⟹ 2 r + 2 y = 2 r + 9 ⟹ 2 y = 9 ⟹ y = 4 . 5
and
x + 5 = y + r ⟹ x = − 5 + 4 . 5 + r ⟹ x = r − 0 . 5
By pythagorean theorem on △ A O X , we have
r 2 = x 2 + y 2 = r 2 − r + 0 . 2 5 + 2 0 . 2 5 ⟹ 0 = − r + 2 0 . 5 ⟹ r = 2 0 . 5
Let R = O E = O G = O B = O D , then R = r + y = 2 0 . 5 + 4 . 5 = 2 5
Thus, the area of the yellow region is
A = π ( R 2 − r 2 ) = π ( 2 5 2 − 2 0 . 5 2 ) = 2 0 4 . 7 5 π