Find the area of the red region

Geometry Level 3

A B C D ABCD is a square of side lenght 10 cm. the Arc from A D A\to D and the arc from D C D\to C are both semi-circular, with A D AD and D C DC as their radius respectively, and the arc from B D B\to D is quarter-circular, with A B AB and A D AD as its radii.

8.77 cm 2 8.77\text{cm}^2 7.5 cm 2 7.5 \text{cm}^2 9.77 cm 2 9.77 \text{cm}^2 11 cm 2 11 \text{cm}^2

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1 solution

Aareyan Manzoor
Jul 28, 2019

the area we desire is just red minus blue in the two diagrams above, so we are going to try finding both those areas. We are going to use principle of inclusion and exclusion to find these areas.

the blue area is just the sum of the areas of the two circular sections minus the area of the square. The circular sections being denoted by the green line. this means [ blue ] = [ G E D ] + [ H E D ] [ GDHE ] = 1 2 × π 2 × 5 2 + 1 2 × π 2 × 5 2 5 2 = 25 ( π 2 1 ) \large [\text{blue}] =\left[\overset{\frown}{GED}\right]+\left[\overset{\frown}{HED}\right]-[\text{GDHE}]\\= \dfrac{1}{2}\times \dfrac{\pi}{2}\times 5^2+ \dfrac{1}{2}\times \dfrac{\pi}{2}\times 5^2- 5^2= 25\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}-1\right)

We do the same thing for the red area. by using congruent triangles we can figure out that the quadrilateral, in this case, has 2 right angles. the area, like before, is the sum of the two circular sections minus the quadrilateral. that is: [ red ] = [ A F D ] + [ H F D ] [ A F H D ] = 1 2 × θ × 1 0 2 + 1 2 × ( π θ ) × 5 2 5 × 10 = 25 ( 3 2 θ + π 2 2 ) [ red ] [ blue ] = 25 ( 3 2 θ 1 ) \large [\text{red}] =\left[\overset{\frown}{AFD}\right]+\left[\overset{\frown}{HFD}\right]-\left[{AFHD}\right] \\=\dfrac{1}{2}\times\theta \times 10^2+ \dfrac{1}{2}\times (\pi-\theta) \times 5^2- 5\times 10= 25\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\theta +\dfrac{\pi}{2}-2\right) \\ \to [\text{red}] -[\text{blue}]=25\left(\dfrac{3}{2}\theta -1\right) we can figure out using the purple right triangles that tan ( θ 2 ) = 5 10 = 1 2 θ = 2 arctan ( 1 2 ) \tan\left(\dfrac{\theta}{2}\right) = \dfrac{5}{10}=\dfrac{1}{2} \to \theta = 2 \arctan\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right) . plugging this in our answer is 25 ( 3 arctan ( 1 2 ) 1 ) 9.77 25( 3 \arctan\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\right)-1) \approx \boxed{ 9.77}

Beautiful solution! Much more straightforward than mine. I think when you said similar triangles you meant congruent triangles. Might want to edit that.

Richard Costen - 1 year, 10 months ago

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Thanks! I have edited the solution to say congruent triangles.

Aareyan Manzoor - 1 year, 10 months ago

Very elegant solution, Aareyan! For me, it's a Geometry problem.....although I cheated with an Analytic Geometry and integration approach :)

tom engelsman - 9 months, 3 weeks ago

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