Who loves geometric inequality?

Geometry Level 3

Let S be a square of unit area, consider any quadrilateral which has one vertex on each side of S . If a , b , c a, b, c and d d denote the length of sides of the quadrilateral. Find the minimum value of a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + d 2 a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2


Special Credit : Find the maximum value too.


The answer is 2.

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1 solution

Shubhendra Singh
Jan 14, 2015

Let there be a quadilateral as shown in the figure by which

a = p 2 + 1 + s 2 2 s a=\sqrt{p^{2}+1+s^{2}-2s}

b = q 2 + 1 + p 2 2 p b=\sqrt{q^{2}+1+p^{2}-2p}

c = r 2 + 1 + q 2 2 q c=\sqrt{r^{2}+1+q^{2}-2q}

d = s 2 + 1 + r 2 2 r d=\sqrt{s^{2}+1+r^{2}-2r}

a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + d 2 = 2 [ p ( p 1 ) + q ( q 1 ) + r ( r 1 ) + s ( s 1 ) + 2 ] a^{2}+b^{2}+c^{2}+d^{2}=2[ \ p(p-1) + q(q-1) + r(r-1)+s(s-1)+2 \ ]

This is minimum when p ( p 1 ) + q ( q 1 ) + r ( r 1 ) + s ( s 1 ) p(p-1)+q(q-1)+r(r-1)+s(s-1) is minimum.

  • p 2 p p^{2}-p \ \Rightarrow is min when p = 1 2 p=\dfrac{1}{2}

Similarly q = r = s = 1 2 q=r=s=\dfrac{1}{2}

( a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + d 2 ) m i n = 2 [ 1 2 ( 1 2 ) + 1 2 ( 1 2 ) + 1 2 ( 1 2 ) + 1 2 ( 1 2 ) + 2 ] (a^{2}+b^{2}+c^{2}+d^{2})_{min}=2[\dfrac{1}{2}(\dfrac{-1}{2})+\dfrac{1}{2}(\dfrac{-1}{2})+\dfrac{1}{2}(\dfrac{-1}{2})+\dfrac{1}{2}(\dfrac{-1}{2})+2]

( a 2 + b 2 + c 2 + d 2 ) m i n = 2 ( 1 ) (a^{2}+b^{2}+c^{2}+d^{2})_{min}=2(1)

2 \huge{\Rightarrow 2}

Good Solution

Parth Lohomi - 6 years, 5 months ago

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@Parth Lohomi Max=4?

Pranjal Jain - 6 years, 4 months ago

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Yup!!! :) @Pranjal Jain

Parth Lohomi - 6 years, 4 months ago

How is max=4?

Bhavesh Ahuja - 6 years, 2 months ago

I didn't understand how p 2 p p^2-p is minimum when p = 1 / 2 p=1/2 . Can you please explain?

Akshat Jain - 6 years, 3 months ago

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Yeah,Either differentiate it to get the point of minima as 1/2 or see the fact that it's a parabolic equation of form ax^2+bx+c which has minima at it's vertex which is (-b/2a).

Ayush Agarwal - 4 years, 10 months ago

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