The equation above holds true for positive integers and . Find .
Notation : denotes the fractional part function .
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Let x 1 = u then the above integral is
∫ 1 ∞ u 2 { u ( − 1 ) ⌊ u ⌋ } d u = n = 1 ∑ ∞ ∫ n n + 1 u 2 { ( − 1 ) ⌊ u ⌋ u } d u = n = 1 ∑ ∞ ∫ n n + 1 u 2 { ( − 1 ) n u } d u = n = 1 ∑ ∞ ∫ 2 n − 1 2 n u 2 { − u } d u + n = 1 ∑ ∞ ∫ 2 n 2 n + 1 u 2 { u } d u = n = 1 ∑ ∞ ∫ 2 n − 1 2 n u 2 1 − { u } d u + n = 1 ∑ ∞ ∫ 2 n 2 n + 1 u 2 u − 2 n d u = n = 1 ∑ ∞ ∫ 2 n − 1 2 n u 2 2 n − u d u + n = 1 ∑ ∞ ( ln ( 2 n 2 n + 1 ) − 2 n + 1 1 ) = n = 1 ∑ ∞ ( 2 n − 1 1 − ln ( 2 n − 1 2 n ) ) + n = 1 ∑ ∞ ( ln ( 2 n 2 n + 1 ) − 2 n + 1 1 ) = n = 1 ∑ ∞ ln ( 4 n 2 ( 2 n + 1 ) ( 2 n − 1 ) ) = 1 + ln [ n = 1 ∏ ∞ 4 n 2 ( 2 n + 1 ) ( 2 n − 1 ) ] = 1 + ln ( π 2 )