A cylinder of radius performs pure rolling on a horizontal surface. Find the distance travelled by the point which was initially in contact with the surface when one complete revolution is made by the the cylinder and the point touches the ground again.
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The path of A is a cycloid, with equation x = R ( θ − sin θ ) y = R ( 1 − cos θ ) Thus we calculate that d θ d s = x ′ ( θ ) 2 + y ′ ( θ ) 2 = 2 R 2 ( 1 − cos θ ) = 4 R 2 sin 2 2 1 θ and hence d θ d s = 2 R ∣ ∣ sin 2 1 θ ∣ ∣ The distance A travels in a single revolution is 2 R ∫ 0 2 π sin 2 1 θ d θ = 8 R