Will be a property of an Isosceles Triangle?

Geometry Level 5

Let Δ A B C \Delta ABC be an isosceles triangle with A B = A C AB = AC . Suppose that the angle bisector of B \angle B meets A C AC at D D and that B C = B D + A D BC = BD + AD . Determine the value of A \angle A in degrees .


The answer is 100.

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1 solution

Let A B C = A C B = 2 α \angle ABC=\angle ACB=2\alpha . Let E E be a point on B C BC such that B E = B D BE=BD .

Then, E C = B C B E = B C B D = A D EC=BC-BE=BC-BD=AD .

Since B D BD is the internal angle bisector of A B C \angle ABC , A D A B = D C B C \frac{AD}{AB}=\frac{DC}{BC} \Rightarrow E C A B = D C B C \frac{EC}{AB}=\frac{DC}{BC}

Observe that, in E C D \bigtriangleup ECD & A B C \bigtriangleup ABC , E C A B = D C B C \frac{EC}{AB}=\frac{DC}{BC} & E C D = B C A = A B C \angle ECD=\angle BCA=\angle ABC ; That is, both the triangles have two of their sides in proportion with two sides of the other triangle and the angle between these two sides is equal in both of them. Thus, E C D \bigtriangleup ECD \sim A B C \bigtriangleup ABC .

\Rightarrow C D E = 2 α \angle CDE=2\alpha & D E B = 2 α + 2 α = 4 α \angle DEB= 2\alpha+2\alpha=4\alpha .

Also, observe that, B E D \bigtriangleup BED is isosceles ( B D = B E BD=BE ). \Rightarrow E D B = D E B = 4 α \angle EDB=\angle DEB=4\alpha

In B E D \bigtriangleup BED , E B D = α \angle EBD=\alpha & E D B = D E B = 4 α \angle EDB=\angle DEB=4\alpha . Thus, α + 4 α + 4 α = 180 \alpha+4\alpha+4\alpha=180 \Rightarrow α = 2 0 \alpha=20^{\circ}

Therefore, B A C = 180 4 α = 180 4 20 = 10 0 \angle BAC=180-4\alpha=180-4\cdot20=\boxed {100^{\circ}} .

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