Will triangle inequality work ?

Algebra Level 3

Find the minimum real number k k such that

( x + y + z ) 2 ( x y + y z + z x ) 2 k ( x 2 + x y + y 2 ) ( y 2 + y z + z 2 ) ( z 2 + z x + x 2 ) (x+y+z)^{2}(xy +yz +zx)^{2}≤k(x^2+xy +y^2)(y^2+yz+z^2)(z^2+zx+x^2) where x , y , z x,y,z are positive real numbers.


The answer is 3.

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2 solutions

Souryajit Roy
Jun 29, 2014

Let a = x + y , b = y + z a=x+y, b=y+z and c = z + x c=z+x . a , b , c a,b,c are the sides of a triangle. semiperimeter, s = a + b + c 2 = x + y + z s=\frac{a+b+c}{2}=x+y+z

x y + y z + z x = ( s a ) ( s b ) + ( s b ) ( s c ) + ( s c ) ( s a ) = r ( r a + r b + r c = r ( r + 4 R ) xy+yz+zx= (s-a)(s-b) +(s-b)(s-c) +(s-c)(s-a)=r(r_{a}+r_{b}+r_{c}=r(r+4R)

In the above i used two results, namely-

i. ( s a ) ( s b ) = r r c (s-a)(s-b)=rr_{c} where r r is the in-radius and r c r_{c} is the ex-radius of the ex-circle opposite to vertex C.

ii. r a + r b + r c = r + 4 R r_{a}+r_{b}+r_{c}= r+4R where R R is the circum-radius.

x 2 + x y + y 2 x^2 + xy +y^2 = = 3 ( x + y ) 2 + ( x y ) 2 4 \frac {3(x+y)^{2} +(x-y)^{2}}{4} 3 4 a \frac{3}{4}a

Hence, r 2 s 2 ( r + 4 R ) 2 27 k 64 a 2 b 2 c 2 r^{2}s^{2}(r+4R){^2}≤\frac{27k}{64}a^{2}b^{2}c^{2}

or A ( r + 4 R ) 3 3 k 8 a b c A(r+4R)≤\frac{3\sqrt{3k}}{8}abc [ A A denotes the area ]

or a b c 4 R 3 3 k 8 a b c \frac{abc}{4R}≤\frac{3\sqrt{3k}}{8}abc

or r + 4 R 3 3 k 8 R r+4R≤\frac{3\sqrt{3k}}{8}R

or r R ( 3 3 k 8 4 ) r≤R(\frac{3\sqrt{3k}}{8}-4) .

So we require 3 3 k 8 4 = 1 2 \frac{3\sqrt{3k}}{8}-4=\frac{1}{2} [since r R 2 r≤\frac{R}{2} ]

Solving this we get k = 3 k=3 .

I think this problem can also be solved with AM-GM.

I don't see how AM-GM can be applied. :P

Finn Hulse - 6 years, 11 months ago

I have solved the problem, but your solution is remarkable

Amritendu Dhar - 6 years, 11 months ago

WooooW! I'd never think this things! I've just applied AM-GM separately ( think about it), and x=y=z. Anyway, as Amritendu said, your solution is remarkable...

Felipe Hofmann - 6 years, 10 months ago

amazing solution. I used AM-GM treating each term of the LHS and seperately applying AM-GM inequality

Aayush Patni - 6 years, 4 months ago
Nut Nutthapong
May 10, 2015

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