Will you integrate it 2015 times? - IV

Calculus Level 3

A polynomial P : R R P : \mathbb{R} \rightarrow \mathbb{R} is of degree 2015 2015 . It is differentiated 2015 times to get Q ( x ) = d 2015 d x 2015 [ P ( x ) ] Q(x) = \dfrac{ d^{2015} }{dx^{2015} } \big[ P(x) \big] .

If the equation P ( x ) = Q ( x ) P(x) = Q(x) has n n distinct roots, then what is the sum of all the possible values of n n ?


This problem is part of the set - Will you integrate it 2015 times? .


The answer is 2031120.

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1 solution

Pranshu Gaba
Nov 11, 2015

Let P ( x ) = i = 0 2015 a i x i = a 0 + a 1 x + a 2 x 2 + + a 2015 x 2015 P(x) = \displaystyle \sum_{i = 0 } ^{2015} a_{i} x^{i} = a_{0} + a_{1} x + a_{2} x^{2} + \cdots + a_{2015} x^{2015}

After differentiating it 2015 2015 times, we get Q ( x ) = 2015 ! × a 2015 Q(x) = 2015! \times a_{2015}

P ( x ) = Q ( x ) a 0 + a 1 x + a 2 x 2 + + a 2015 x 2015 = 2015 ! × a 2015 ( a 0 2015 ! × a 2015 ) + a 1 x + a 2 x 2 + + a 2015 x 2015 = 0 \begin{aligned} &P(x) = Q(x) \\ \implies &a_{0} + a_{1} x + a_{2} x^{2} + \cdots + a_{2015} x^{2015} = 2015! \times a_{2015} \\ \implies & (a_{0} - 2015! \times a_{2015})+ a_{1} x + a_{2} x^{2} + \cdots + a_{2015} x^{2015} = 0\\ \end{aligned}

This is just a polynomial of degree 2015 with real coefficients, and can have any number of distinct roots from 1 1 to 2015 2015 . This means n { 1 , 2 , 3 , , 2015 } n \in \{ 1, 2, 3, \ldots, 2015\} .

Therefore sum of all possible values of n = 1 + 2 + 3 + + 2015 n = 1 + 2 + 3 +\cdots + 2015 = 2015 × 2016 2 = 2031120 = \dfrac{ 2015 \times 2016 } { 2} = \boxed{ 2031120 } _\square

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