Wired

Geometry Level 4

A company has established three new businesses, in three different cities that are located at distances 13, 17, and 21 miles from each other.

They want to figure out how to connect the power lines between the three cities so that they can minimise the total cost of the power lines (that is, use the least amount of wiring possible). Where should the wiring from each city meet?

How many miles of wiring will be required to set up this cost effective connection?

9 10 9\sqrt{10} 5 33 5\sqrt{33} 8 13 8\sqrt{13} 6 23 6\sqrt{23} 7 17 7\sqrt{17}

This section requires Javascript.
You are seeing this because something didn't load right. We suggest you, (a) try refreshing the page, (b) enabling javascript if it is disabled on your browser and, finally, (c) loading the non-javascript version of this page . We're sorry about the hassle.

2 solutions

Mark Hennings
Oct 30, 2018

The least length of power line is obtained by joining all three cities A , B , C A,B,C to the Fermat point P P of the triangle A B C ABC . This point can be found by constructing equilateral triangles on the sides of the triangle A B C ABC , and then joining the new vertices of each equilateral triangle to the opposite vertex of A B C ABC . These three lines are concurrent at P P . In the diagram we have constructed the equilateral triangles A B D ABD and B C E BCE , and the lines D C DC and E A EA intersect at P P .

The least length of power lines is the length A P + B P + C P = D C AP + BP + CP = DC . Now cos B A C = 1 3 2 + 2 1 2 1 7 2 2 × 13 × 21 = 107 182 sin B A C = 85 3 182 cos D A C = cos ( B A C + 6 0 ) = 107 182 × 1 2 85 3 182 × 3 2 = 37 91 \begin{aligned} \cos \angle BAC & = \; \frac{13^2 + 21^2 - 17^2}{2\times13\times21} = \frac{107}{182} \\ \sin \angle BAC & = \; \frac{85\sqrt{3}}{182} \\ \cos \angle DAC & = \; \cos(\angle BAC + 60^\circ) \; = \; \frac{107}{182} \times \frac12 - \frac{85\sqrt{3}}{182} \times \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2} \; = \; -\frac{37}{91} \end{aligned} and hence D C 2 = 1 3 2 + 2 1 2 2 × 13 × 21 × cos D A C = 832 DC^2 \; = \; 13^2 + 21^2 - 2 \times 13 \times 21 \times \cos \angle DAC \;= \; 832 making the least length of power line 8 13 \boxed{8\sqrt{13}} miles.

Aaghaz Mahajan
Oct 28, 2018

Two word hint.........Fermat Point.........!!!
Also, This note might be helpful..........!!

"Fermat Point" is two words!

Mark Hennings - 2 years, 7 months ago

Log in to reply

Lol, yes you are right.......!! Lemme just change that......!!!

Aaghaz Mahajan - 2 years, 7 months ago

C o s ( A B C ) = 2 1 2 + 1 3 2 1 7 2 2 21 13 = 107 182 . S o S i n ( A B C ) = 18 2 2 10 7 2 182 = 216757 182 . C o s ( A B C + 60 ) = C o s ( A B C ) 1 2 S i n ( A B C ) 3 2 . 1 2 107 182 3 2 216757 182 = 107 + 216757 364 Cos(ABC)=\dfrac{21^2+13^2-17^2}{2*21*13}=\dfrac{107}{182}. \\ So~Sin(ABC)=\dfrac{\sqrt{182^2-107^2}}{182}=\dfrac{\sqrt{216757}}{182}.\\ Cos(ABC+60)=Cos(ABC)*\dfrac 1 2 - Sin(ABC)*\dfrac{\sqrt3} 2.\\ \frac 1 2 *\dfrac{107}{182}-\dfrac{\sqrt3} 2*\dfrac{\sqrt{216757}}{182}\\ =\dfrac{ 107+\sqrt{ 216757 }}{364}

Niranjan Khanderia - 2 years, 2 months ago

0 pending reports

×

Problem Loading...

Note Loading...

Set Loading...