WMC 2018 Pursuit - Pack 1, C2

Algebra Level 3

For x x in radians, find the difference between the largest and smallest solutions to arcsin ( sin x ) = x 2 \arcsin{(\sin{x})}=\dfrac{x}{2} .

WMC Pursuit Questions


The answer is 4.1887902.

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1 solution

arcsin ( sin x ) = x 2 sin x = sin x 2 2 sin x 2 cos x 2 = sin x 2 For sin x 2 0 2 cos x 2 = 1 cos x 2 = 1 2 x 2 = ± π 3 Note that π 2 arcsin x π 2 x = ± 2 π 3 \begin{aligned} \arcsin (\sin x) & = \frac x 2 \\ \sin x & = \sin \frac x2 \\ 2 \sin \frac x2 \cos \frac x2 & = \sin \frac x2 & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{For }\sin \frac x2 \ne 0 \\ 2 \cos \frac x2 & = 1 \\ \implies \cos \frac x2 & = \frac 12 \\ \frac x2 & = \pm \frac \pi 3 & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{Note that }-\frac \pi 2 \le \arcsin x \le \frac \pi 2 \\ x & = \pm \frac {2\pi}3 \end{aligned}

The difference between the largest and smallest solution is 4 π 3 4.189 \dfrac {4\pi}3 \approx \boxed{4.189} .

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