Wow! Crazy cryptogram!

Logic Level 2

A B × A A B A A B \begin{array}{ccccc} & & & & A&B\\ \times & & & & A &A \\ \hline & & B & A & A &B \end{array}

Solve the above cryptogram. What is the first two-digit number in the product above, A B \overline{AB} ?

Note: A number cannot start with 0, so A and B are non-zero.


The answer is 75.

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9 solutions

Arjen Vreugdenhil
Oct 14, 2015

Since the numbers begin with A A and B B , neither of them is zero.

The multiplication of the units B A = ? B B\cdot A = ?B gives three possibilities:

  • A = 1 A = 1

  • A = 6 A = 6 and B B is even;

  • B = 5 B = 5 and A A is odd.

The first case is easily ruled out because the product would have no more than three digits.

The second case fails, too. Since 6 × 6 = 36 6\times 6=36 , we would need B B to be equal to 4; but 64 × 66 = 4224 64\times 66 = 4224 is not quite right.

The third case works. In order for the product to start in 5, we need A × A 50 A\times A\approx 50 , which implies A = 7 A = 7 . It is easy to see that this works: 75 × 77 = 5775 \boxed{75}\times 77 = 5775 .

Awesome solution

Sonal Singh - 5 years, 5 months ago

But are there more possible solutions, or a proof (even trial-and-error one) that there are not? You just explained how did you get to ONE possible solution

Dejan Tomić - 5 years, 4 months ago

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I guess I could formally prove that B A = ? B B\cdot A = ?B has no other solutions. Consider the equation B A = 10 X + A , 1 A , B , X 9. B\cdot A = 10X + A,\ \ \ 1 \leq A,B,X \leq 9. Then ( B 1 ) A = 2 5 X . (B-1)\cdot A = 2\cdot 5\cdot X. This means that one of B 1 B-1 and A A should be a multiple of 2, and likewise for 5. This leaves four cases to check.

  • 2 B 1 2|B-1 and 5 B 1 5|B-1 . This implies that B 1 B-1 is a multiple of 10, so B 1 = 0 B-1 = 0 and B = 1 B = 1 .

  • 2 A 2|A and 5 A 5|A . This implies that A A is a multiple of 10, which is impossible.

  • 2 B 1 2|B-1 and 5 A 5|A . This requires A = 5 A = 5 and B B is odd.

  • 5 B 1 5|B-1 and 2 A 2|A . This gives B 1 = 0 B-1 = 0 or 5 5 , and the former case we covered already. That leaves B = 6 B = 6 and A A is even.

As you see, this method immediately gives the three bullet points listed above, and from there I carefully checked all possible scenarios.

Arjen Vreugdenhil - 5 years, 4 months ago

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You swapped B and A in this comment, but I understand. Thank you

Dejan Tomić - 5 years, 4 months ago

The reason for eliminating the first case is a little more complicated. (There ARE 4 digit solutions, e.g. 33 X 99 X 91 = 8009 ). Instead I would argue that since multiplying by 1 will not produce a two-digit number, there in no possible regrouping that will produce 1 in the tens place..

Richard Delwiche - 2 years, 5 months ago

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In order for two two-digit factors to form a four-digit product, at least one of them must be greater than 1000 \sqrt{1000} , i.e. 32 \geq 32 . In this case, the two-digit factors start with the same digit A A , which must therefore be at least 3. For that reason I immediately ruled out the cases A = 1 A = 1 and A = 2 A = 2 .

Arjen Vreugdenhil - 2 years, 5 months ago
Tridip Das
Sep 29, 2015

(10A+B)(10A+A)= (10A+B)(11A)
110A^2+11AB=1000B+100A+10A+B
110A^2 +11AB= 1001B+110A
110A(A-1)= B(1001-11A)


1)For A=1, B must be zero.
This condition fulfills the given problem but we do not write zero at thousandth place when it is a three digit number.

So to satisfy the given condition and

110A(A-1)=B(1001-11A)
B must be multiple of five<10 (because 1001-11A is not a multiple of 10 unless A=1)
ie B=5
So A=7

Why not 10x11=0110?

Andreas Vestermo Nesje - 5 years, 8 months ago

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because if b is zero then no need to specify in the question the digit in thousandth​ place

Vikash Singh - 5 years, 7 months ago

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There is no need but it is still a valid answer as the question did not state non zero values, the answer was in denary and the answer could not have preceeding zeros. I think this is the issue when a developer looks at these problems...

Ben Rothermel - 5 years, 3 months ago

can you explain why B should be multiple of 5 more clearly

chinta navaneeswar reddy - 4 years, 7 months ago

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1001-11A=11(91-A) so unless A=1 this is no multiple of 10. So 91-A is even and B is 5.

Alexandre Boisson - 2 years, 7 months ago

A(10A+B-10)=7x13xB => A=7 (one digit, not equal B).

Andrey Chuprassov - 3 years, 3 months ago

110A(A-1)=B(1001-11A) <=> 10A(A-1)=B(91-A) => B = 10 A ( A 1 ) 91 A B= \frac{10A(A-1)}{91-A} Then you just have to try the values of A making B integer. Comes A=7 and B=5

Alexandre Boisson - 2 years, 7 months ago
Gabe Smith
Sep 28, 2015

Looking at the units digits, we need the units digit of A B A\cdot B to be B . B.

Then, it's straightforward to check the possibilities going through the values of B . B.

We find A B = 75 \overline{AB} = 75 gives 75 77 = 5775. 75 \cdot 77 = 5775.

AB * AA = BAAB
Therefore,
(10A + B)(10A + A) = 1000 B + 100A + 10A + B

On simplification,

110A^2 + 11AB = 1001B + 110A

11A(10A + B) = 11A((1001B/11A) + 10)

10A + B = (91B/A) + 10

10(A – 1) = B * ((91/A) – 1)

Only factors of 91 are 13 and 7. Since A is a single digit, A = 7. After substituting, B = 5.

Dhruv Thakral - 5 years, 8 months ago

why not 10, 10*11=0110

Vivek Mehendiratta - 5 years, 8 months ago

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Exactly! 11*10=0110

Yashu Garg - 5 years, 4 months ago

I tried 10 * 11=0110 first then 00 * 00=0000 second before I found 75 * 77

Daniel Ellesar - 5 years, 8 months ago

See my solution.

Akshat Sharda - 5 years, 8 months ago

10 x 11 fits the description the assumption that neither is zero if erroneous

Frank Dorrance - 4 years, 7 months ago
Akshat Sharda
Oct 7, 2015

A A × A B = B A A B 110 A 2 + 11 A B = 1001 B + 110 A 10 A 2 + A B = 91 B + 10 A 10 A 2 10 A = 91 B A B 10 A ( A 1 ) = B ( 91 A ) B = 10 A ( A 1 ) ( 91 1 ) The only values of A and B which will yield a 4 digit number are 7 and 5 . A B = 75 \Rightarrow \overline{AA}×\overline{AB}=\overline{BAAB} \\ \Rightarrow 110A^2+11AB=1001B+110A \\ \Rightarrow 10A^2+AB=91B+10A \\ \Rightarrow 10A^2-10A=91B-AB \\ \Rightarrow 10A(A-1)=B(91-A) \\ \Rightarrow B=\frac{10A(A-1)}{(91-1)} \\ \text{The only values of A and B which will yield a 4 digit number are 7 and 5}. \\ \Rightarrow \overline{AB}=\boxed{75}

in the last step where you have

B = (10A(A-1))/(91-1)

it was (91-A) in the previous step, how did it become 91-1

Adarsh Narayanan - 5 years, 5 months ago
Amit Mittal
Jan 4, 2016

A has to be higher than 2 as 33*31 is the lowest 4 digit product.

Then B cannot be 1 | B*A is not B for B=1

Thus we try A= 4 and greater , A=5 is not true , so A = 4,6,7,8,9

A=4 does not have B true for any digit for the required units place of A

A=6 has a couple of candidates but they do not land a corresponding value in the thousands (B=2,4,8), 77*75 = 5775

The answers for A=6 for 62 64 and 68 are all interesting as well.

Francis Kong
Nov 6, 2017

By long division we have B A A B 11 \frac{\overline{BAAB}}{11} = 100 B + 10 ( A B ) + B 100B+10(A-B)+B

What we are multiplying from the cryptogram: A B × A A = ( 10 A + B ) × 11 A = 11 ( 10 A 2 + A B ) \overline{AB} \times \overline{AA} = (10A+B) \times 11A = 11(10A^2+AB)

Rearranging we have

100 B + 10 ( A B ) + B = ( 10 A 2 + A B ) 100B+10(A-B)+B = (10A^2+AB)

B ( 91 A ) = 10 A ( A 1 ) B(91-A) = 10A(A-1)

B = 10 A ( A 1 ) 91 A B = \frac{10A(A-1)}{91-A}

Since A A and B B are single digit integers, try each one to see only A = 7 A = 7 will give B B as integer.

So B = 10 ( 7 ) ( 6 ) 91 7 = 420 84 = 5 B = \frac{10(7)(6)}{91-7}=\frac{420}{84}=5

so A B = 75 \overline{AB}=75

Earl O'Keeffe
Jul 10, 2017

The question is ambiguous. It should simply say: 'Write down the two-digit number AB.'

James Nolan
Oct 19, 2018

Not a solution, just an issue with the wording. I find the use of the word "product" confusing because, to me, the product is clearly BAAB. I would have it ask, "What is the two-digit number in the multiplier/multiplicand AB above?" or simply, "What is the two-digit number AB?"

Louis Noizet
Aug 12, 2016

00 is also a solution

It is given that A A and B B are non-zero.

Akshat Sharda - 3 years, 11 months ago

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