X X X^X Algebra Problem

Algebra Level 2

If x x = 100 x^x= 100 , what is x x ?

Express your answer in 2 2 decimal places.


The answer is 3.59.

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1 solution

Ellen Sassani
Nov 26, 2017

The solution can be given exactly only in terms of the Lambert W function, also called the “product logarithm”.

x = e W ( 2 ( log 2 + log 5 ) ) \color{#3D99F6}{\displaystyle x = e^{W(2 (\log 2 + \log 5 ))}}

In numerical form, x 3.597285023540417505497652251782286069136 \color{#CEBB00}{\boxed{x \approx 3.597285023540417505497652251782286069136}}

The W-function is defined so that W ( z e z ) = z \color{#3D99F6}{W(ze^z) = z} on its primary branch. It can also be expressed using the Taylor series:

W 0 ( x ) = n = 1 ( n ) n 1 n ! x n \color{#D61F06}{\displaystyle W_0( x ) = \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{(-n)^{n-1}}{n!}x^n}

but this converges only for x < 1 / e \color{#D61F06}{x < 1/e} , so the W function is the analytic continuation of this series. (That is, you can’t get a numerical value for the solution above using this series.)

There is also a family of complex solutions to the equation you give.

A wonderful and educational solution.

Johnny Grant - 3 years, 6 months ago

Nice solution, though I don't get why the answer in 2 decimals is 3.59. In 2 decimals it's 3.60

Peter van der Linden - 3 years, 6 months ago

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