x x = y y x^x=y^y part 1

Algebra Level 4

Let x = ( 2 7 ) 7 5 0.1731 x= \left(\frac{2}{7}\right)^{\frac{7}{5}} \approx 0.1731 . There is a unique value of y y where 0 < x < y 0<x<y and x x = y y x^x=y^y . Given that y = ( a b ) 1 5 y=\left(\frac{a}{b}\right)^{\frac{1}{5}} where a a and b b are coprime positive integers. Find the value of a + b a+b .


The answer is 53.

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1 solution

Chan Lye Lee
May 15, 2017

Let y = r x y=rx where r > 1 r>1 . Now x x = y y x^x=y^y implies that x ln x = y ln y = r x ln ( r x ) = r x ( ln r + ln x ) x \ln x = y \ln y = rx \ln(rx) = rx \left(\ln r + \ln x\right) . This means that ln x = r ln r r 1 \ln x=\frac{-r \ln r}{r-1} or equivalently, x = e r ln r r 1 = ( e ln r ) r r 1 = ( 1 r ) r r 1 x = e^{\frac{-r \ln r}{r-1}} = \left( e^{-\ln r}\right) ^{ {\frac{r }{r-1}}} = \left(\frac{1}{r}\right)^{ {\frac{r }{r-1}}} . With x = ( 2 7 ) 7 5 x= \left(\frac{2}{7}\right)^{\frac{7}{5}} , we have r = 7 2 r=\frac{7}{2} .

Next, y = r x = r × ( 1 r ) r r 1 = ( 1 r ) 1 r 1 = ( 2 7 ) 2 5 = ( 4 49 ) 1 5 0.60586 y=rx = r \times \left(\frac{1}{r}\right)^{ {\frac{r }{r-1}}} = \left(\frac{1}{r}\right)^{ {\frac{1 }{r-1}}}=\left(\frac{2}{7}\right)^{ {\frac{2 }{5}}} = \left(\frac{4}{49}\right)^{ {\frac{1 }{5}}}\approx 0.60586 .

Finally, a + b = 4 + 49 = 53 a+b = 4+49=\boxed{53} .

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