Ya its Geometry!

Calculus Level 4

A wire of length 36m is to be cut into two pieces.One of the pieces is to be made into a square and the other into a circle.What should be the lengths of two pieces,so that the combined area of square and the circle is minimum?

Details :

Let the length of part made into square is a π + b \frac{a}{\pi+b} and that of circle be c π π + b \frac{c\pi}{\pi+b} .

Then find a + b + c a+b+c .


The answer is 184.

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1 solution

Let the portion used for the square have length 4 x 4x and that used for the circle have length 36 4 x = 4 ( 9 x ) 36 - 4x = 4(9 - x) . The circle then has a radius r r such that

2 π r = 4 ( 9 x ) r = 2 π ( 9 x ) 2\pi r = 4(9 - x) \Longrightarrow r = \dfrac{2}{\pi}(9 - x) .

With A ( x ) A(x) being the sum of the respective areas of the square and circle, we see that

A ( x ) = ( 4 x 4 ) 2 + π r 2 = x 2 + π 4 π 2 ( 9 x ) 2 = x 2 + 4 π ( 9 x ) 2 A(x) = \left(\dfrac{4x}{4}\right)^{2} + \pi r^{2} = x^{2} + \pi*\dfrac{4}{\pi^{2}}(9 - x)^{2} = x^{2} + \dfrac{4}{\pi}(9 - x)^{2} .

Any critical points will then occur when

d A d x = 2 x 8 π ( 9 x ) = 0 2 x ( 1 + 4 π ) = 72 π \dfrac{dA}{dx} = 2x - \dfrac{8}{\pi}(9 - x) = 0 \Longrightarrow 2x\left(1 + \dfrac{4}{\pi}\right) = \dfrac{72}{\pi}

x = 36 π + 4 4 x = 144 π + 4 . \Longrightarrow x = \dfrac{36}{\pi + 4} \Longrightarrow 4x = \dfrac{144}{\pi + 4}.

Now since d 2 A d x 2 = 2 + 8 π > 0 \dfrac{d^{2}A}{dx^{2}} = 2 + \dfrac{8}{\pi} \gt 0 we know by the second derivative test that A ( x ) A(x) will achieve a minimum at the above critical point. Thus the desired length of wire used for the square has length 4 x = 144 π + 4 4x = \dfrac{144}{\pi + 4} , and that used for the circle has length 36 144 π + 4 = 36 π π + 4 . 36 - \dfrac{144}{\pi + 4} = \dfrac{36\pi}{\pi + 4}.

This results in the sum a + b + c = 144 + 4 + 36 = 184 a + b + c = 144 + 4 + 36 = \boxed{184} .

EXACTLY!!!!nice and great soln.

Mohit Gupta - 5 years, 4 months ago

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Thanks! Nice problem. :)

Brian Charlesworth - 5 years, 4 months ago

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