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This is the graph of sin ( 1 6 x ) for 0 ≤ x ≤ 8 π . Notice that since both regions of different colors have the same areas, the total area must be zero. We can use this info to compute 0 ∫ 1 2 π sin ( 1 6 x ) d x .
Express the given as 0 ∫ 1 2 π sin ( 1 6 x ) d x + 0 ∫ 1 2 π k d x For sin ( 1 6 x ) , observe that 0 ∫ 8 π sin ( 1 6 x ) d x = 0 which illustrates the regions of the same areas. Since sin ( 1 6 x ) has a periodicity of 8 π , there are 1 2 π ÷ 8 π = 9 6 pairs of such regions for 0 ≤ x ≤ 1 2 π . In that case, 0 ∫ 1 2 π sin ( 1 6 x ) d x = 9 6 ⋅ 0 ∫ 8 π sin ( 1 6 x ) = 0 Thus, 0 ∫ 1 2 π k d x = 1 2 π k = 3 6 π ⟹ k = 3