Zeros and the IMO!

Determine the least possible value of the natural number n n such that n ! n! ends in exactly 1987 zeroes.


Courtesy: IMO 1987


The answer is 7960.

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1 solution

The Dark Lord
Feb 19, 2018

According to Legendre 's formula :

x / 5 + x / 5 2 + x / 5 3 + . . . = 1987 \lfloor x/5 \rfloor + \lfloor x/5^2 \rfloor + \lfloor x/5^3 \rfloor + ... \infty = 1987

Suppose we treat this temporarily as a geometric progression by removing the GIF sign.Then using infinite formula we get x ( 1 5 1 1 5 ) = 1987 x(\dfrac{ \dfrac{1}{5} }{ 1 - \dfrac{1}{5}}) = 1987 thus x 7948 x \approx 7948 . However putting this in actual formula we find that answer comes 1983 1983 and we are off by 4 4 zeroes.

If we induce some small changes in value of x this will only change the first and second term that is x / 5 \lfloor x/5 \rfloor and x / 5 2 \lfloor x/5^2 \rfloor will change.

By Trial and error slowly increasing value of x x from 7948 7948 to 7950 7950 to 7955 7955 to 7960 7960 we find we get 3 3 extra zeroes from first term and one extra zero from second term thus total we have obtained our 4 4 needed zeroes.

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