I am not sure if this is a popular question but I hope you will respect my wishes and not Google it. If you have already heard it,either move on,or post a hint,or add a followup question.
You have boxes of coins. of them contain gm coins and of them contains gm coins.Assuming you can weigh any weight using a balance,can you spot the box with the gm coins by weighing only once?If yes,how?
Details and Assumptions: You can take coins out of the boxes if you like.
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That's very simple. If suppose the weight of the box weighed is 10 gm, then all the four boxes weighing 10 gm coins have equal number of coins. Just take the coins out of each box and count them.
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Can you explain more clearly what you mean?Also,I never said that the number of coins must be equal.Don't make unwarranted assumptions.
By saying "You can take coins out of the boxes if you like", do you mean that we can take them out while they're being balanced? Obviously that'd make it damn easy. Explain that statement!
Can I assume the boxes have no mass?
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You can, I suppose. Alternatively, you can assume the boxes have equal mass.