Since,
2F1(a,b,c,z)=1+cabz+c(c+1)a(a+1)b(b+1)2!z2+c(c+1)(c+2)a(a+1)(a+2)b(b+1)(b+2)3!z3+...
Then using the following result by Sir Leonard Euler,
B(b,c−b)2F1(a,b,c,z)=∫01xb−1(1−x)c−b−1(1−zx)−adx
We will convert it as follows by sayinga=−a , dividing −1 and a to both sides,
a−B(b,c−b)2F1(−a,b,c,z)=a(−1)a−1∫01xb−1(1−x)c−b−1(zx−1)adx
−B(b,c−b)a=1∑∞a2F1(−a,b,c,z)=∫01xb−1(1−x)c−b−1a=1∑∞a(−1)a−1(zx−1)adx
Applying the Taylor series of the logarithm,we get,
−B(b,c−b)a=1∑∞a2F1(−a,b,c,z)=∫01xb−1(1−x)c−b−1ln(zx)dx
Splitting the integral part we yield,
−B(b,c−b)a=1∑∞a2F1(−a,b,c,z)=∫01xb−1(1−x)c−b−1ln(x)dx+ln(z)∫01xb−1(1−x)c−b−1dx
Then realising that the integral with ln(z) is simply B(b,c−b) but,
∫01xb−1(1−x)c−b−1ln(x)dx=B(b,c−b)(ψ(b)−ψ(c))
I'll show this result in the next discussion ,right now let's take it for granted.Inputting it to the integral and dividing both sides by −B(b,c−b) we get this surprising result ,
a=1∑∞a2F1(−a,b,c,z)=ψ(c)−ψ(b)+ln(1/z)
Corollary c=1-b and z=1 we get the reflection equation of diagamma function i.e.ψ(1−s)−ψ(s)=πcot(πs)
a=1∑∞a2F1(−a,b,1−b,1)=πcot(πb)
So it also provides an alternative representation of the Cotangent function and as always another wonderful equation is born.(Please report any problem in this discussion)
#Calculus
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Comments
Really good! You know you should team up with @Neeraj Anand Badgujar, @Naren Bhandari and @Gandoff Tan, @Aruna Yumlembam?
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Hey they are the best people the Brilliant community has ,I am just 15 and I have much more to learn.Thank you.
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No! I am not talking about that!
I am talking about calculus - they post some amazing calculus stuff, just like you!
You four should get together and create a group!
How's the sound of Calculus Geeks?
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