Science wiz! Please help

I was studying Thermal Expansion\text{Thermal Expansion} from H.C. Verma - Concepts of Physics 2 (if you have the book, page 6 - topic 23.10). If you don't have the book, this is the concerned matter.

Note: If you know this stuff, you can jump to the end.


Consider a rod at temperature TT and suppose its length at this temperature is LL. As the temperature is changed to T+ΔTT+\Delta T, the length is changed to L+ΔLL+\Delta L. We define average coefficient of linear expansion in the temperature range ΔT\Delta T as α=1LΔLΔT\overline{\alpha}=\frac{1}{L}\frac{\Delta L}{\Delta T} The coefficient of linear expansion at temperature TT is limit of average coefficient as ΔT0\Delta T\rightarrow0, i.e., α=limΔT01LΔLΔT=1LdLdT\alpha=\displaystyle\lim_{\Delta T\rightarrow0}\frac{1}{L}\frac{\Delta L}{\Delta T}=\frac{1}{L}\frac{dL}{dT} Suppose the length of a rod is L0L_{0} at 0C0^{\circ}C and LθL_{\theta} at temperature θ\theta measured in Celsius. If α\alpha is small and constant over the given temperature interval, α=LθL0L0θ\alpha=\frac{L_{\theta}-L_{0}}{L_{0}\theta} or Lθ=L0(1+αθ)L_{\theta}=L_{0}(1+\alpha\theta) The coefficient of volume expansion γ\gamma is defined in a similar way. If VV is the volume of a body at temperature TT, the coefficient of volume expansion at temperature TT is γ=1VdVdT\gamma=\frac{1}{V}\frac{dV}{dT} It is also known as coefficient of cubical expansion.

If V0V_{0} and VθV_{\theta} denote the volumes at 0C0^{\circ}C and θ\theta (measured in Celsius) respectively and γ\gamma is small and constant over the given temperature range, we have Vθ=V0(1+γθ)V_{\theta}=V_{0}(1+\gamma\theta)

It is easy to show that γ=3α\gamma=3\alpha.


My question is: How do you prove that γ=3α\gamma=3\alpha?

Note for those who jumped: γ\gamma is the coefficient of cubical expansion, and α\alpha is the coefficient of linear expansion.

#Chemistry #ThermalExpansion

Note by Omkar Kulkarni
6 years, 1 month ago

No vote yet
1 vote

  Easy Math Editor

This discussion board is a place to discuss our Daily Challenges and the math and science related to those challenges. Explanations are more than just a solution — they should explain the steps and thinking strategies that you used to obtain the solution. Comments should further the discussion of math and science.

When posting on Brilliant:

  • Use the emojis to react to an explanation, whether you're congratulating a job well done , or just really confused .
  • Ask specific questions about the challenge or the steps in somebody's explanation. Well-posed questions can add a lot to the discussion, but posting "I don't understand!" doesn't help anyone.
  • Try to contribute something new to the discussion, whether it is an extension, generalization or other idea related to the challenge.
  • Stay on topic — we're all here to learn more about math and science, not to hear about your favorite get-rich-quick scheme or current world events.

MarkdownAppears as
*italics* or _italics_ italics
**bold** or __bold__ bold

- bulleted
- list

  • bulleted
  • list

1. numbered
2. list

  1. numbered
  2. list
Note: you must add a full line of space before and after lists for them to show up correctly
paragraph 1

paragraph 2

paragraph 1

paragraph 2

[example link](https://brilliant.org)example link
> This is a quote
This is a quote
    # I indented these lines
    # 4 spaces, and now they show
    # up as a code block.

    print "hello world"
# I indented these lines
# 4 spaces, and now they show
# up as a code block.

print "hello world"
MathAppears as
Remember to wrap math in \( ... \) or \[ ... \] to ensure proper formatting.
2 \times 3 2×3 2 \times 3
2^{34} 234 2^{34}
a_{i-1} ai1 a_{i-1}
\frac{2}{3} 23 \frac{2}{3}
\sqrt{2} 2 \sqrt{2}
\sum_{i=1}^3 i=13 \sum_{i=1}^3
\sin \theta sinθ \sin \theta
\boxed{123} 123 \boxed{123}

Comments

We consider a cube of metal with each side equal to L.

If we heat it up, the length of each side will change from L to (L+ΔL), where ΔL = αLΔT.

In other words, the new length is:

L′ = L + αLΔT = L(1 + αΔT)

So the new volume is:

Vo′ = (L′)^3 = [L(1 + αΔT)]^3 = (L^3)(1 + 3αΔT + 3(αΔT)² + (αΔT)^3) = Vo(1 + 3αΔT + 3(αΔT)² + (αΔT)^3)

Now we make an approximation. Since αΔT is quite small compared to 1, we can safely say that the "3(αΔT)²" term and the "(αΔT)^3" term are negligible compared to the "3αΔT" term. Therefore, to a good approximation,

Vo′ = Vo(1 + 3αΔT)

But we already know, from the definition of γ, that:

Vo′ = Vo(1 + γΔT)

So this means that γ = 3α.

I could have written the solution in Latex but I am short on time. (NTSE upcoming)

Ayush Gupta - 6 years, 1 month ago

Log in to reply

Ohh okay! Makes sense now :) Thanks! All the best for NTSE.

Omkar Kulkarni - 6 years, 1 month ago

Wait did you mean α\overline{\alpha} instead of α\alpha?

Omkar Kulkarni - 6 years, 1 month ago

Y=3a

onyx georgia - 6 years ago

Log in to reply

What?

Omkar Kulkarni - 6 years ago
×

Problem Loading...

Note Loading...

Set Loading...